{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T10:16:54Z","timestamp":1791281814173,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two-dimensional (2D) and real-time three-dimensional (RT3D) echocardiography can be used to assess left atrial (LA) size, but their correlation in dogs remains unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Estimations of LA size differ depending on the echocardiographic technique.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Privately owned dogs; 70 with myxomatous mitral valve disease and 32 healthy control dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective observational study comparing RT3D volume at atrial end-diastole (RT3DLAd) with 4 different 2D methods of estimating LA size: LA diameter and area in short-axis (LAsax and LAarea) and LA diameter in long-axis (LAlax), both as indexed variables and as predictors of LA volume indexed to body weight (BW) using allometric scaling and geometric assumption of sphericity. Furthermore, agreement between indexed 2D based methods was studied using concordance correlation coefficient (\u03c1c) and Bland\u2013Altman plots.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>None of the indexed 2D methods of estimating LA size showed good correlation with BW-indexed RT3DLAd volumes. Estimates of LA volumes from 2D measurements using allometric scaling showed better correlation with RT3D volumes than corresponding calculated volume approximations. The best correlation was found between RT3DLAd and estimated LA volumes based on allometric scaling of LAlax (\u03c1c\u00a0=\u00a00.89) followed by LAarea (\u03c1c\u00a0=\u00a00.86) measurements. Comparing indexed 2D-based measurements of LA size, best agreement was found between LAsax to aortic diameter and LAsax to expected LA diameter, based on allometric scaling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Allometric scaling of 2D-based measurements of LA showed good correlation with RT3DLAd, whereas corresponding indexed measurements or calculated volume approximations did not.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.00812.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,7]],"date-time":"2011-10-07T16:38:12Z","timestamp":1318005492000},"page":"1320-1327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Comparisons of 2- and 3-Dimensional Echocardiographic Methods for Estimation of Left Atrial Size in Dogs with and without Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Tidholm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Albano Animal Hospital , Danderyd"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Bodeg\u00e5rd-Westling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albano Animal Hospital , Danderyd"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"H\u00f6glund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Anatomy, , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Ljungvall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Clinical Sciences, , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Clinical Sciences, , Uppsala,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020303545034400_jvim812-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(82)90005-9","article-title":"Evaluation of changes in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure by left atrial two-dimensional echocardiography","volume":"104","author":"Haendchen","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2026020303545034400_jvim812-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.0008.x","article-title":"Survival characteristics and prognostic variables of dogs with mitral regurgitation attributable to myxomatous valve disease","volume":"22","author":"Borgarelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vet Int Med"},{"key":"2026020303545034400_jvim812-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.85.3.272","article-title":"Effects of aging on left atrial reservoir, conduit, and booster pump function: A multi-institution acoustic quantification study","volume":"85","author":"Spencer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026020303545034400_jvim812-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2000.tb02252.x","article-title":"Evaluation of four 2-dimensional echocardiographic methods of assessing left atrial size in dogs","volume":"14","author":"Rishniw","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Vet Int Med"},{"key":"2026020303545034400_jvim812-bib-0005","first-page":"311","article-title":"Allometric scaling of M-mode cardiac measurements in normal adult dogs","volume":"18","author":"Cornell","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vet Int Med"},{"key":"2026020303545034400_jvim812-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2007.09.002","article-title":"Left atrial volume measured by real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography predicts clinical outcome in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction and in sinus rhythm","volume":"21","author":"Suh","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"2026020303545034400_jvim812-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.01.005","article-title":"Relation of left atrial maximal volume measured by real-time 3D echocardiography to demographic, clinical, and Doppler variables","volume":"101","author":"De Castro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020303545034400_jvim812-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0b013e3282f194f0","article-title":"How many patients would be misclassified using M-mode and two-dimensional estimates of left atrial size instead of left atrial volume? 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