{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T15:29:14Z","timestamp":1770218954569,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Danish Council of Independent Research","award":["271-07-0784"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["271-07-0784"]}]},{"name":"Danish Council of Independent Research","award":["271-08-0998"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["271-08-0998"]}]},{"name":"The Augustinus foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007420","name":"Danish Medical Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007420","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiovascular disease is associated with endothelial dysfunction in humans and studies of plasma biomarkers suggest that dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) might also have endothelial dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>That progression of mitral regurgitation (MR) is associated with development of endothelial dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-three Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS) with MR of varying severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Privately owned CKCS were prospectively recruited and divided in 4 groups: (1) 12 CKCS with minimal MR; (2) 9 CKCS with mild MR; (3) 11 CKCS with moderate-severe MR; and (4) 11 CKCS with moderate-severe MR and clinical signs compatible with heart failure. Dogs underwent blood sampling, echocardiography, blood pressure (BP) recordings, and flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) measurements. The effect of progressive MR on FMD was determined by multivariate analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Flow-mediated vasodilation decreased with progression of MR. Group 4 (4.79\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.22%) had significantly lower FMD than groups 1 (10.40\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.58%) and 2 (10.14\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.67%) (P\u00a0&amp;lt; .005) and group 3 (6.79\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.98%) had a significantly lower FMD than group 1 (P\u00a0= .03). Increasing left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (P\u00a0= .0004, R2\u00a0=\u00a00.27) and the combination of age (P\u00a0= .01) and body weight (P\u00a0= .002) (R2\u00a0=\u00a00.31) were significantly associated with reduced FMD. FMD did not correlate with sex, BP, or plasma markers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reduced FMD indicates that increased disease severity in CKCS with MMVD is associated with development of endothelial dysfunction which might be a future therapeutic and\/or diagnostic target.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.00846.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]],"date-time":"2011-12-13T00:49:55Z","timestamp":1323737395000},"page":"61-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Flow-Mediated Vasodilation Measurements in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with Increasing Severity of Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"S.G.","family":"Moesgaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"of Basic Animal and 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