{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:00:34Z","timestamp":1792803634922,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009885","name":"Regione Piemonte","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009885","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preclinical myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MMVD) includes a heterogeneous group of dogs. Therefore, identifying risk factors for progression of the disease is of clinical importance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate survival time and risk factors for clinical and echocardiographic variables taken at initial examination for clinical progression in preclinical MMVD dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 256 dogs with stage B1 or B2 MMVD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical records of 256 dogs with preclinical MMVD were reviewed retrospectively. Long-term outcome was assessed by telephone interview. Dogs alive at the time of phone interview were asked to return to the hospital for re-evaluation of their cardiac status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventy of 256 (27.3%) dogs died during the observation period. The median survival time, regardless of cause of death, was 588 (range 75\u20131,668) days. The presence of a murmur was associated with an increased risk of death (AHR 2.14; 95% CI 1.12, 4.11; P\u00a0=\u00a00.022). Thirty (12%) deaths were considered cardiac related. LA\/Ao\u00a0&amp;gt;\u00a01.4 was the only negative predictor (AHR 2.64; 1.13, 6.13; P\u00a0=\u00a00.024) for cardiac-related deaths. Eighty-three dogs were re-examined, of which 34 progressed to a more advanced stage of MMVD. The presence of Emax\u00a0&amp;gt;\u00a01.2 (AHR 2.75; 95% CI 1.01, 7.48; P\u00a0=\u00a00.047) and cough (AHR 7.89; 95% CI 3.18, 20.07; P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.001) were significant in the multivariate analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preclinical MMVD represents a relatively benign condition in dogs. Clinicians might find stratification of this dog population according to risk factors based on clinical and echocardiographic findings helpful in determining treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.00860.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,24]],"date-time":"2011-12-24T19:02:32Z","timestamp":1324753352000},"page":"69-75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":132,"title":["Survival Characteristics and Prognostic Variables of Dogs with Preclinical Chronic Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease Attributable to Myxomatous Degeneration"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Borgarelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kansas State University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Manhattan, KS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Crosara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kansas State University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Manhattan, KS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Lamb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dip. 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