{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T07:06:45Z","timestamp":1772003205368,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]],"date-time":"2011-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Itraconazole is recommended for treatment of blastomycosis in dogs. Some evidence suggests that fluconazole might be less hepatotoxic than itraconazole.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare (1) incidence of clinical remission and death; (2) treatment duration; (3) total drug cost; (4) incidence of relapse; and (5) incidence of increased ALT activities in dogs with blastomycosis treated with fluconazole or itraconazole.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred and forty-four dogs with systemic blastomycosis treated with itraconazole or fluconazole from 1998 to 2008.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective case review. Information obtained included signalment, body weight, clinical signs, drug regimen, treatment duration, time to clinical remission, and laboratory results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neither treatment efficacy between fluconazole (75% remission) and itraconazole (90% remission) nor relapse rate (18% for itraconazole, 22% for fluconazole) was significantly different (P= .13, .75, respectively). Treatment duration was significantly longer for fluconazole (median 183 days) than for itraconazole (138 days; P= .001). Costs for fluconazole (median $1,223) were significantly less than for itraconazole ($3,717; P &amp;lt; .001). Incidence of increased ALT activities was not significantly different between groups (17% [3\/18] for fluconazole, 26% [6\/23] for itraconazole; P= .71).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fluconazole is associated with survival to clinical remission in 75% of dogs with blastomycosis. Although dogs receiving fluconazole were treated longer, drug costs were one-third those of itraconazole. Hepatotoxicosis, as estimated by increases in serum ALT activity, can be observed with similar incidence for both drugs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.0710.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,21]],"date-time":"2011-03-21T15:19:56Z","timestamp":1300720796000},"page":"440-445","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Retrospective Comparison of the Efficacy of Fluconazole or Itraconazole for the Treatment of Systemic Blastomycosis in Dogs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"A.S.W.","family":"Mazepa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University Department of Clinical Sciences, , Raleigh, NC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.A.","family":"Trepanier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison Department of Medical Sciences, , Madison, WI"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.S.","family":"Foy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin\u2014Madison Department of Medical Sciences, , Madison, WI"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020303443724800_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1996.tb02082.x","article-title":"Treatment of blastomycosis with itraconazole in 112 dogs","volume":"10","author":"Legendre","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020303443724800_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1086\/313750","article-title":"Practice guidelines for the management of patients with blastomycosis. 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