{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T20:58:59Z","timestamp":1770152339902,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]],"date-time":"2011-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the imaging modality of choice for cardiac tumors in people. Although neoplastic pericardial effusion (PE) carries a poor prognosis, benign idiopathic pericardial effusion does not. Definitive diagnosis is critical for surgical intervention, but currently available diagnostic techniques such as echocardiography and pericardial fluid cytology often are inconclusive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Describe CMR findings associated with PE and determine whether CMR aids in differentiation of benign and neoplastic causes of PE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eight client-owned dogs with PE diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CMR was performed with a 1.5\u2003T, including dark blood, steady-state free procession cine, pre- and postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, and delayed inversion recovery prepped imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CMR confirmed a cardiac mass and supported suspected tumor type in 4 dogs with suspected hemangiosarcoma. In 1 equivocal TTE case, CMR did not demonstrate a mass, but neoplasia was later diagnosed. In another equivocal case, CMR did not demonstrate a mass but showed findings consistent with a pericardiocentesis complication. In 1 dog without evidence of cardiac neoplasia, abdominal magnetic resonance imaging identified presumptive hepatic and splenic metastases. On reevaluation of the original CMR study, the 2 equivocal cases that were interpreted as tumor negative were reassessed as tumor positive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CMR did not substantially improve diagnosis of cardiac tumors compared with TTE in these 8 cases, but it yielded useful descriptive information regarding extent, anatomic location, and potential tumor type and confirmed that CMR requires extensive additional training for tumor identification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.0762.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,25]],"date-time":"2011-07-25T12:00:58Z","timestamp":1311595258000},"page":"1003-1009","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in the Differentiation of Neoplastic and Nonneoplastic Pericardial Effusion"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"K.N.","family":"Boddy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Hospital, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA"},{"name":"Heart to Heart Veterinary Cardiology Consultants, LLC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.M.","family":"Sleeper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Hospital, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.D.","family":"Sammarco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Red Bank Animal Hospital , Red Bank, NJ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Weisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Hospital, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Ghods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Department of Radiology, , Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.I.","family":"Litt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Department of Radiology, , Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020303512173300_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879901100112","article-title":"Intrapericardial neoplasia in dogs","volume":"11","author":"Girard","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Investig"},{"key":"2026020303512173300_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.1996.tb00426.x","article-title":"Systemic, metastatic, Eu- and heterotope tumours of the heart in necropsied dogs","volume":"43","author":"Walter","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Vet Med"},{"key":"2026020303512173300_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1999.tb01136.x","article-title":"Cardiac tumors in dogs: 1982\u20131995","volume":"13","author":"Ware","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020303512173300_b4","first-page":"121","volume":"36","author":"Kirsch","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pericardial effusion associated with metastatic disease from an unknown primary tumor in a dog J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"2026020303512173300_b5","first-page":"396","article-title":"Canine cardiac disease due to metastatic carcinoma","volume":"150","author":"Palumbo","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020303512173300_b6","first-page":"12","article-title":"Right ventricular outflow obstruction caused by primary cardiac neoplasia: Clinical features in two dogs","volume":"4","author":"Bright","year":"1990","journal-title":"JACVIM"},{"key":"2026020303512173300_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.95.25-26.565","article-title":"Cardiac myxoma in a dog","volume":"95","author":"Darke","year":"1974","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"2026020303512173300_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.4102\/jsava.v68i4.897","article-title":"Right atrial myxosarcoma in a dog","volume":"68","author":"Briggs","year":"1997","journal-title":"S Afr Vet Assoc"},{"key":"2026020303512173300_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1980.tb01371.x","article-title":"Primary fibroma in the right atrium of a dog","volume":"21","author":"Lombard","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"2026020303512173300_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1999.tb03105.x","article-title":"Pericardial mesothelioma in a dog: Long-term survival after pericardiectomy in combination with chemotherapy","volume":"40","author":"Closa","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. 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