{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T01:13:16Z","timestamp":1792977196971,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) has been reported infrequently in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize the presentation, associated disease conditions, and outcome in dogs with PVT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Client-owned dogs with a diagnosis of PVT and a complete medical record.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Records were retrospectively analyzed for presentation, history, physical examination, clinicopathologic data, diagnostic imaging, treatment, and outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-three dogs were included. Common clinical signs were vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, ascites, and signs of hypovolemic shock. Associated disease conditions included hepatic (14\/33), neoplastic (7\/33), immune (5\/33), and infectious (4\/33) diseases, protein-losing nephropathy (3\/33), hyperadrenocorticism (2\/33), protein-losing enteropathy (1\/33), and pancreatitis (1\/33). Fourteen dogs were receiving glucocorticoids at the time of diagnosis. Twenty-nine dogs had at least 1 predisposing condition for venous thrombosis, and 11 had 2 or more. Thrombocytopenia (24\/33), increased liver enzyme activity (23\/33), and hypoalbuminemia (20\/33) were common laboratory abnormalities. Clinical syndromes at the time of PVT diagnosis included shock (16\/33), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), (13\/33) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (3\/33). Twenty-four dogs had acute and 9 had chronic PVT. Multiple thrombi were found in 17\/33 dogs. Nineteen dogs survived to discharge. Dogs treated with anticoagulant therapy were more likely, whereas those with acute PVT, multiple thromboses or SIRS were less likely to survive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hepatic disease is a common pre-existing condition in dogs with PVT. PVT should be considered in dogs with risk factors for venous thrombosis presenting with abdominal pain, ascites, and thrombocytopenia. Studies evaluating anticoagulant therapy in the management of PVT are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2012.00893.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,28]],"date-time":"2012-02-28T06:11:31Z","timestamp":1330409491000},"page":"230-237","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Portal Vein Thrombosis in 33 Dogs: 1998\u20132011"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Respess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences, , North Grafton, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.E.","family":"O'Toole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences, , North Grafton, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Taeymans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences, , North Grafton, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.L.","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York State College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences, , Ithaca, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences, , North Grafton, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.R.L.","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences, , North Grafton, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020600165581600_jvim893-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22772","article-title":"Vascular disorders of the liver","volume":"49","author":"DeLeve","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2026020600165581600_jvim893-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2010.11.006","article-title":"Vascular disorders of the liver: Recommendations from the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF) ad hoc committee","volume":"43","author":"Senzolo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"2026020600165581600_jvim893-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i2.143","article-title":"Portal vein thrombosis: Insight into physiopathology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"16","author":"Ponziani","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2026020600165581600_jvim893-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0593.x","article-title":"Concurrent diseases and conditions in dogs with splenic vein thrombosis","volume":"24","author":"Laurenson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020600165581600_jvim893-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1998.213.02.220","article-title":"Clinical manifestation and associated disease syndromes in dogs with cranial vena cava thrombosis: 17 cases (1989\u20131996)","volume":"213","author":"Palmer","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020600165581600_jvim893-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2002.tb02378.x","article-title":"Prognostic factors for mortality and thromboembolism in canine immune-mediated hemolytic anemia: A retrospective study of 72 dogs","volume":"16","author":"Carr","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020600165581600_jvim893-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1999.tb02192.x","article-title":"Pulmonary thromboembolism in 29 dogs:1985\u20131995","volume":"13","author":"Johnson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020600165581600_jvim893-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1989.195.02.246","article-title":"Pulmonary thromboembolism associated with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in dogs: Ten cases (1982\u20131987)","volume":"195","author":"Klein","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020600165581600_jvim893-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1990.197.10.1368","article-title":"Pulmonary thromboembolism in dogs; 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