{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T16:40:50Z","timestamp":1789749650216,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We have shown previously that a network of mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) expressing macrophage and dendritic cell markers such as CD11c, F4\/80 and CX3CR1, lines the base of the epididymal tubule. However, in the initial segment (IS) and only in that particular segment, epididymal MPs establish extremely close interactions with the epithelium by projecting slender dendrites between most epithelial cells. We undertook the present study to determine how epididymal phagocytes respond to the transient wave of apoptosis initiated by unilateral efferent duct ligation (EDL) in the epididymal epithelium. We show profound morphological and phenotypical changes restricted to the MPs populating the proximal epididymis following EDL. Within 48\u00a0h, a large subset of IS epithelial cells had entered an apoptotic state, visualized by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay and CD11c\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and CX3CR1\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    MPs readily engulfed TUNEL\u2010positive cells and other debris. Despite the high levels of apoptosis and the rapid clearance of apoptotic cells occurring after EDL, the epithelium preserved its overall architecture and maintained tight junctions of the blood\u2013epididymis barrier (BEB). The discovery of a functional population of MPs in the epididymal epithelium responsible for maintaining the integrity of the BEB raises further questions regarding the role of these cells in clearing defective epithelial cells in the steady\u2010state epididymis, as well as pathogens and abnormal spermatozoa in the lumen.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-2927.2014.00251.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T03:35:53Z","timestamp":1406864153000},"page":"755-762","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Mononuclear phagocytes rapidly clear apoptotic epithelial cells in the proximal epididymis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"T. B.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Center for Systems Biology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Cortez\u2010Retamozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systems Biology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. S.","family":"Grigoryeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Center for Systems Biology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Center for Systems Biology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. J.","family":"Pittet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Systems Biology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Center for Systems Biology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc.52.299"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc.52.321","article-title":"Cytological response of the principal cells in the initial segment of the epididymal duct to efferent duct cutting in mice","volume":"52","author":"Abe K","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Histol Cytol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","article-title":"Are the basal cells of the mammalian epididymis still an enigma?","author":"Arrighi S","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil Dev"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-012-1381-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmn055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.105.044735"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-10-0493"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-13-0420"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.110.084459"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201004096"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09356"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00643-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.139.4.2128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0378(97)00012-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"81","volume-title":"The Epididymis: From Molecular to Clinical Practice A Comprehensive Survey of the Efferent Ducts, the Epididymis and the Vas Deferens","author":"Hermo L","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a008748"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod30.4.991"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.172114"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066494"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.20.11.4106-4114.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20110114"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21378"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.110.087452"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.1983.tb00326.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-013-1261-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.041731"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.21189"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","first-page":"211","article-title":"Regulation of apoptotic cell death in the rat epididymis","volume":"53","author":"Robaire B","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Reprod Fertil Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","first-page":"999","volume-title":"The Physiology of Reproduction","author":"Robaire B","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","volume-title":"The epididymis: From molecular to clinical practice. A comprehensive survey of the efferent ducts, the epididymis and the vas deferens","author":"Robaire B","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","first-page":"1072","volume-title":"Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction","author":"Robaire B","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1999.tb03379.x","article-title":"Regional variation in macrophage antigen expression by murine epididymal basal cells and their regulation by testicular factors","volume":"20","author":"Seiler P","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod61.3.705"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.111.012971"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.113.116681"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2010.05746.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1995.tb00532.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2795(199906)53:2<188::AID-MRD8>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1250871"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.106.059493"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7262.2007.00302.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","first-page":"293","article-title":"Electrophysiological and ultrastructural studies of the blood\u2010epididymis barrier of the rat","volume":"19","author":"Wu YW","year":"1986","journal-title":"Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/aja.2012.20"}],"container-title":["Andrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.2047-2927.2014.00251.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.2047-2927.2014.00251.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T15:31:24Z","timestamp":1717169484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.2047-2927.2014.00251.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.2047-2927.2014.00251.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.2047-2927.2014.00251.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-2919","2047-2927"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-2919","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-2927","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-02-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-07-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-08-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}