{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T05:14:24Z","timestamp":1761196464254},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]],"date-time":"2008-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3010,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>PROBLEM: The pathogenesis of long\u2010term sequelae in <jats:italic>Chlamydia \ntrachomatis<\/jats:italic> infection is poorly understood. While serology indicates \nprevious chlamydial infection, culture studies are frequently negative. \nWe wanted to know whether in chronic cases the bacterium is absent or \npersists in a dormant state where it evades detection.\u2028\nMETHODS OF STUDY: Using immunoperoxidase (IP) staining and <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> \nhybridization (ISH), we examined tissues of culture\u2010negative \nsubjects.\u2028\nOvarian biopsy specimens from 19 culture\u2010negative women with pelvic \nadhesions and\/or tubal infertility were analyzed by both methods. Samples \nof prostates from 10 culture\u2010negative men undergoing prostatectomy for \nbenign hypertrophy, two sets of semen samples from culture\u2010negative \nsexual partners of 28 women with PID and\/or bacterial vaginosis (BV), and \nten endometrium\u2010tube sample\u2010pairs from ectopic pregnancies (EPs) were \nexamined by IP only.\u2028\nRESULTS: Seven of the nineteen ovarian specimens tested positive for \nChlamydia antigen or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (36%). Of the 10 \nhypertrophic prostates examined, 4 (40%) were positive. Of the 28 semen \nsamples examined, 10 (35%) tested positive. Tissue samples of 3 cases of \nEP were positive by IP.\u2028\nCONCLUSIONS: 1. <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> antigen and nucleic acid can be frequently demonstrated in asymptomatic, culture\u2010negative men and women with chronic infection. 2. Chlamydia antigens may have an etiologic role in benign prostate hypertrophy and EP. 3. Antigenic material may be sexually transmissible. 4. IP and ISH identify temporarily inactive bacteria that may continue to act as immunostimulants and potentially reactivate as Chlamydia infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.8755-8920.2000.430406.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,17]],"date-time":"2003-12-17T11:50:54Z","timestamp":1071661854000},"page":"218-222","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Detection of Chlamydial Antigenic Material in Ovarian, Prostatic, Ectopic Pregnancy and Semen Samples of Culture\u2010Negative Subjects"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"TOTH","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.L.","family":"PATTON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.A.","family":"CAMPBELL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.I.","family":"CARRETTA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"MOURADIAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"TOTH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"SHEVCHUK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"BAERGEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"LEDGER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]]},"container-title":["American Journal of Reproductive Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.8755-8920.2000.430406.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.8755-8920.2000.430406.x","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.8755-8920.2000.430406.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T21:39:14Z","timestamp":1695850754000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.8755-8920.2000.430406.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.8755-8920.2000.430406.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.8755-8920.2000.430406.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-7408","1600-0897"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-7408","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0897","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]}}}