{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T14:13:26Z","timestamp":1774275206700,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Am Ceram Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Transverse thermoelectric generators (TTEG) enable conversion of thermal into electrical energy with perpendicular directions of the applied temperature gradient and the induced thermoelectric voltage. We report on the fabrication of transverse multilayer thermoelectric generators (TMLTEG) based on p\u2010type Ca\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    Co\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>9<\/jats:sub>\n                    (CCO) ceramic tapes and printed silver which were conventionally sintered (CS) in air at 920\u00b0C or using pressure\u2010assisted sintering (PAS) at 920\u00b0C and 1.5\u00a0MPa. The thermoelectric performance of TMLTEGs was evaluated using analytical calculations and simulations. The transverse thermoelectric power factor\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      PF\n                      <jats:sub>tr<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    and thermoelectric figure\u2010of\u2010merit\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      ZT\n                      <jats:sub>tr<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    of an artificial layered structure composed of CCO and silver were calculated and simulated as functions of layers tilt angle\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c6<\/jats:italic>\n                    and metal\u2010to\u2010ceramic thickness ratio\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      \u03bd\n                      <jats:sub>t<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    . TMLTEG devices with various CCO layer thicknesses of 150\u00a0\u00b5m, 100\u00a0\u00b5m, or 33\u00a0\u00b5m were fabricated and cofired at 920\u00b0C in air, which exhibit power outputs of 2.3\u00a0mW, 3.2\u00a0mW, and 4.1\u00a0mW at \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0 = \u00a0160\u00a0K, respectively. TMLTEGs which were cofired using PAS show a higher power density of 16.4\u00a0mW\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    at \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0225\u00a0K. This enhancement in power (\u2248 80%) is crucial for thermoelectric modules comprising multiple TMLTEG devices. The device measurements were compared with 3D simulations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jace.70656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T09:48:13Z","timestamp":1773827293000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Performance Enhancement of Ca\n                    <sub>3<\/sub>\n                    Co\n                    <sub>4<\/sub>\n                    O\n                    <sub>9<\/sub>\n                    \u2010based Transverse Multilayer Thermoelectric Generators for Low\u2010Power Applications"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Ahmed A. S.","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. SciTec Ernst\u2010Abbe\u2010Hochschule Jena Jena Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences Friedrich\u2010Schiller University Jena  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"Bochmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. SciTec Ernst\u2010Abbe\u2010Hochschule Jena Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romy","family":"L\u00f6hnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. SciTec Ernst\u2010Abbe\u2010Hochschule Jena Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0784-9790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Mieller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. 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