{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T12:21:32Z","timestamp":1765887692470,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]],"date-time":"2015-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NSC 101-2314-B-182-032-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 101-2314-B-182-032-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Advanced Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore primary family caregivers' observations and perceptions of their older relatives' knee osteoarthritis pain and pain management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Osteoarthritis is one of the most common joint disorders in older people. Studies have mainly focused on spouses' or partners' perceptions of older individuals' osteoarthritis pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Qualitative description.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary family caregivers of older outpatients with osteoarthritis (<jats:italic>N\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>28) were recruited by convenience from one medical centre in northern Taiwan and two regional hospitals in northern and eastern Taiwan in 2012. Data were collected in individual interviews using a semi\u2010structured guide and analysed by content analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary family caregivers observed that their older relatives commonly mentioned that osteoarthritis pain interfered with their walking ability, daily activities, moods, sleep and social activities. Older adults commonly shared their pain with their family members. Participants observed that their older relatives with osteoarthritis used limited pain\u2010management strategies to relieve pain, but participants provided few pain\u2010management strategies to help their relatives. Most participants had limited knowledge about osteoarthritis pain. Some participants and their older relatives held negative attitudes towards using pain medicines. Most participants suggested that other families should bring their older relatives with osteoarthritis pain to see a doctor as soon as possible.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results show that family caregivers were the main support for older people with osteoarthritis. Interventions should educate patients and family members about osteoarthritis causes, common misconceptions about osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis pain medicines and treatment and encourage family members' support.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.12684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]],"date-time":"2015-05-15T04:01:27Z","timestamp":1431662487000},"page":"2119-2128","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Primary family caregivers' observations and perceptions of their older relatives' knee osteoarthritis pain and pain management: a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Kuo\u2010Yao","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine Department of Orthopedic Surgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Tao\u2010Yuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun\u2010Fang","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing College of Medicine Chang Gung University Tao\u2010Yuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yea\u2010Pyng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Mennonite Christian Hospital Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsien\u2010Tao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102458\u201012\u2010753"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"American College of Rheumatology(2012)Osteoarthritis. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.rheumatology.org\/Practice\/Clinical\/Patients\/Diseases_And_Conditions\/Osteoarthritis\/on 02 March 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(80)90011-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"Centres for Disease Control and Prevention and the Arthritis Foundation(2010)A National Public Health Agenda for Osteoarthritis 2010. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.arthritis.org\/files\/images\/Ad%20Council%20101\/OA_Agenda_2010.pdfon 14 August 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis\u20102013\u2010204763"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"Department of Statistics Ministry of the Interior(2009)Summary of Elderly Survey in 2008. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/sowf.moi.gov.tw\/stat\/Survey\/98old.docon 30 April 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413\u201078522013000200010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(89)90071-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/qhw.v7i0.10451"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0959259804001212"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102458\u201010\u2010148"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2012.665127"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.03.022"},{"volume-title":"Content Analysis\u2010An Introduction to Its Methodology","year":"2004","author":"Krippendorff K.","key":"e_1_2_10_15_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-1767(85)90062-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464810397613"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.21.2.222"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0090-5550.52.2.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1091-7527.26.2.185"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20514"},{"volume-title":"Osteoarthritis. 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