{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:15:57Z","timestamp":1790140557185,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,5]],"date-time":"2017-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Advanced Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore experiences of stigma in people with inflammatory bowel disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diarrhoea, urgency and incontinence are common symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease. Social rules stipulate full control of bodily functions in adulthood: poor control may lead to stigmatization, affecting patients\u2019 adjustment to disease. Disease\u2010related stigma is associated with poorer clinical outcomes, but qualitative evidence is minimal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>An interpretive (hermeneutic) phenomenological study of the lived experience of stigma in inflammatory bowel disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty community\u2010dwelling adults with a self\u2010reported diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease were recruited purposively. Participants reported feeling stigmatized or not and experiencing faecal incontinence or not. Unstructured interviews took place in participants\u2019 homes in the United Kingdom (September 2012 \u2013 May 2013). Data were analysed using Diekelmann's interpretive method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three constitutive patterns\u2014Being in and out of control, Relationships and social Support and Mastery and mediation\u2014reveal the experience of disease\u2010related stigma, occurring regardless of continence status and because of name and type of disease. Stigma recedes when mastery over disease is achieved through development of resilience\u2014influenced by humour, perspective, mental well\u2010being and upbringing (childhood socialization about bodily functions). People travel in and out of stigma, dependent on social relationships with others including clinicians and tend to feel less stigmatized over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Emotional control, social support and mastery over disease are key to stigma reduction. 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