{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T19:04:43Z","timestamp":1773774283810,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,16]],"date-time":"2025-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,16]],"date-time":"2025-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755302400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Advanced Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the application rate of the preventive measures, alternate air anti\u2010decubitus mattress and postural changes in patients who develop hospital\u2010acquired pressure injury (HAPI) on the basis of their preventive or reactive temporality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is an ambispective observational study that included adult patients without pressure injuries admitted to Mancha Centro Hospital (Spain) who developed at least one HAPI during hospitalisation (August 2022 to March 2023).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main variables were the implementation of preventive measures and the time of their application. Other variables were comorbidities, sociodemographic and clinical variables, Braden and Barthel scale, variables related to the application of preventive measures and information to characterise HAPI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>180 patients who developed 276 HAPI during their admission were included; 73.9% of the patients received a risk assessment upon admission, and 53.9% were re\u2010evaluated. At some point during admission, an anti\u2010decubitus mattress was placed in 73.3% of the patients, and 76.1% received postural changes.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Among the patients at risk at the time of HAPI onset, 49.4% had received anti\u2010decubitus mattress preventively, 23.9% had received it reactively, and 26.7% did not receive it. Among the patients without contraindication for postural changes, 51.4% received them before the lesions appeared, 33.6% received them after the lesions appeared, and 13.6% did not receive them.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>We detected a significant association between the preventive application of anti\u2010decubitus mattress and postural changes with the Braden reassessment; admission to the intensive care unit; mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, nasogastric tube; mental state confused; hospital isolation; low Barthel and Braden scores; impaired mobility; inability to perform postural changes; diaper; urinary\/faecal incontinence; and sedatives.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Only approximately half of the patients received preventive measures. Although patients with a more unfavourable clinical profile were more likely to receive these measures, increased awareness and training among healthcare professionals are necessary to ensure broader and more consistent implementation of preventive strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications for the Profession and\/or Patient Care<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study explores the real\u2010world use of preventive measures in hospitalized patients who develop HAPI. In half of the patients, these measures were applied reactively, highlighting the need to introduce strategies that facilitate the implementation of evidence\u2010based practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Reporting Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was reported following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist for cross\u2010sectional studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>No Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the present study, data from patients have been obtained, but the patients or caregivers have not contributed to the development of the manuscript.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.70107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,16]],"date-time":"2025-08-16T07:25:53Z","timestamp":1755329153000},"page":"3246-3257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hospital\u2010Acquired Pressure Injuries: Application of Preventive and Reactive Measures in Real Practice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8482-8697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gloria","family":"Lorente\u2010Granados","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthcare and Quality Area Hospital Universitario Mancha Centro  Alc\u00e1zar de San Juan Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1006-0958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1ngel","family":"Arias\u2010Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Hospital Universitario Mancha Centro  Alc\u00e1zar de San Juan Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Villajos\u2010Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wound Care Unit Hospital Universitario Mancha Centro  Alc\u00e1zar de San Juan Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gema","family":"Gallego\u2010Doncel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Hospital Universitario Mancha Centro  Alc\u00e1zar de San Juan Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Primary Care and Internal Medicine Care Continuity Hospital Universitario Mancha Centro  Alc\u00e1zar de San Juan Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6239-2842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juli\u00e1n","family":"Rodr\u00edguez\u2010Almagro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing. Faculty of Nursing of Ciudad Real University of Castilla\u2010La Mancha  Ciudad Real Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9100-1134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez\u2010Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing. 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