{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:05:12Z","timestamp":1785416712772,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Advanced Nursing"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate the prevalence and incidence of incontinence\u2010associated dermatitis in adults with incontinence across healthcare settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review and meta\u2010analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Observational studies reporting prevalence or incidence of incontinence\u2010associated dermatitis in adults with incontinence were included. Risk of bias was assessed using a validated tool. Pooled estimates were calculated using random\u2010effects meta\u2010analysis. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted for prevalence studies and meta\u2010regression examined heterogeneity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched from database inception to 20 October 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010eight studies including 270,719 adults with incontinence were identified across hospital, nursing home and community settings. Twenty studies reported prevalence. Among eight low\u2010risk of bias studies, the pooled prevalence was 14.2%, compared with 22.7% across all prevalence studies. Eight studies reported incidence. Pooled analysis of studies in intensive care units showed a cumulative incidence of 33.1%, while one nursing home study reported 5.5%. Prevalence was similar in hospitals and community settings and lower in nursing homes. Prevalence was highest in faecal incontinence, followed by double and urinary incontinence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incontinence\u2010associated dermatitis is common among adults with incontinence across healthcare settings. The high prevalence and incidence highlight the need for effective prevention and management strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications for the Profession and\/or Patient Care<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High occurrence rates highlight the need for systematic risk assessment, preventive skin care strategies and early management in nursing practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study addresses the lack of epidemiological evidence on incontinence\u2010associated dermatitis. Findings show the condition is frequent among adults with incontinence across care settings. Results are relevant for nurses responsible for continence care and skin integrity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Reporting Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review was conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta\u2010analyses guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study did not include patient or public involvement in its design, conduct, or reporting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PROSPERO (CRD42024549106), registered 02\/06\/2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.70701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:50:03Z","timestamp":1785415803000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Global Prevalence and Incidence of Incontinence\u2010Associated Dermatitis in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5200-1019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nils","family":"Ohde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9 \u2013 University Medical Center Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3896-6462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Tafesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9 \u2013 University Medical Center Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7487-7898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merle\u2010Marie","family":"Pittelkow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9 \u2013 University Medical Center Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"QUEST Center for Responsible Research Berlin Institute of Health at Charit\u00e9\u2010Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0750-3818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Kottner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9 \u2013 University Medical Center Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-08392-1_21","volume-title":"Anal Incontinence: Clinical Management and Surgical Techniques","author":"Babino G.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ebmental\u20102019\u2010300117"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000446"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14936"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.3276"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011627.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.16327"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.21593"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40266\u2010017\u20100507\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4025\/cienccuidsaude.v19i0.50154"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000313"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0b013e318220b703"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Incontinence\u2010Associated Skin Damage in Nursing Home Residents: A Secondary Analysis of a Prospective, Multicenter Study","volume":"52","author":"Bliss D. Z.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ostomy\/Wound Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imr.2023.101014"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Meta\u2010Analysis","author":"Borenstein M.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000571"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12630"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12322"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1983\u20101447.2016.esp.68075"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14962"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.14388_g"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0034\u20107167\u20102018\u20100475"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000390"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2016.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003107347","volume-title":"Doing Meta\u2010Analysis With R: A Hands\u2010On Guide","author":"Harrer M.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000722752.86631.af"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijun.12185"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JDN.0000000000000724"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2019.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2011.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1146697"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000001146"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000480"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000818"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000548"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14209"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14624"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S492458"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2014.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40266\u2010025\u201001227\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403\u2010024\u201003059\u20100"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_14_43_1","first-page":"7443","article-title":"Investigation and Analysis on Occurrence of Incontinence\u2010Associated Dermatitis of ICU Patients With Fecal Incontinence","volume":"10","author":"Ma Z. Z.","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1547"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31828ca761"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_1","first-page":"177","volume-title":"JBI Reviewer's Manual","author":"Munn Z.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874\u2010017\u20100468\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.03.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20668"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2021.30.4.261"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0b013e31827e8b3d"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enfie.2017.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2018.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2018.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2023.104472"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2023.104627"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2024.33.9.S16"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.14594"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_14_60_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Determining Risk Factors to Develop a Predictive Model of Incontinence\u2010Associated Dermatitis Among Critically Ill Patients With Fecal Incontinence: A Prospective, Quantitative Study","volume":"65","author":"Wei L.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Wound Management and Prevention"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000695764.47424.aa"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_62_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.2025a.\u201cICD\u201011 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics: MF50.2 Urinary Incontinence.\u201dhttps:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse\/2025\u201001\/mms\/en#766129123."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_63_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.2025b.\u201cICD\u201011 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics: ME07 Faecal Incontinence.\u201dhttps:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse\/2025\u201001\/mms\/en#790417430."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_64_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.2025c.\u201cICD\u201011 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics: EK02.22 Irritant contact dermatitis due to incontinence.\u201dhttps:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse\/2025\u201001\/mms\/en#326384712."}],"container-title":["Journal of Advanced Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jan.70701","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jan.70701","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jan.70701","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:50:06Z","timestamp":1785415806000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jan.70701"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jan.70701"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jan.70701","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0309-2402","1365-2648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0309-2402","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2648","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"jan.70701"}}