{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:25:48Z","timestamp":1790947548263,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Research Intellect Disabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper aims to identify to what extent staff training interventions are successful in enhancing the development of communication skills in people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic review was undertaken, conforming to PRISMA guidelines. English language, peer reviewed, empirical studies of staff training interventions to enhance the communication of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities were included. Databases Scopus, Web of Science, Proquest, Linguistics and Language Behaviour Abstracts (LLBA) and Medline were searched in July 2015 and updated in December 2022. Quality appraisal was conducted on 13 studies using Crowe's Critical Appraisal Tool (CCAT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Few good quality evaluations of interventions were found. Challenges to research rigour included the diversity of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities, small sample sizes, intervention intensity and the management of fidelity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Manualised and bespoke interventions showed promise in improving staff communication and responsiveness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.13201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T04:40:00Z","timestamp":1707453600000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A systematic review of research on staff training as an intervention to develop communication in children and adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Jean","family":"Ware","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Sciences Bangor University  Bangor Wales"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1496-6557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan","family":"Buell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences University of Dundee  Dundee Scotland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4963-0973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darren D.","family":"Chadwick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Liverpool John Moores University  Liverpool England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0379-8877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jill","family":"Bradshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tizard Centre University of Kent  Canterbury England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1290-7833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliet","family":"Goldbart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Manchester Metropolitan University  Manchester England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"Intellectual disability: Definition, classification, and systems of supports","author":"AAIDD (American Association on Intellectual Developmental Disabilities)","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08856250802387380"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","volume-title":"The nursing assessment feeding scale","author":"Barnard K.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13682820109177865"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1744629510386290"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","volume-title":"The triple C checklist of communication competencies, SCIOP (Severe Communication Impairment Outreach Projects)","author":"Bloomberg K.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1366825031000150964"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2017_AJSLP-17-0106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444301526.ch4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/TLDR-06-2021-0018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12530"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","unstructured":"Crowe M.(2013).The Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool: CCAT Form and CCAT User Guide. 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