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Commonly adopted CR proxies should be adapted to reflect more specifically the experiences of people with Intellectual Developmental Disability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>This scoping review intended to identify CR proxies relevant to people with this condition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Some of these were the same already detected in a population without intellectual disabilities (education, occupation, physical activity, leisure, community and social activities); others were found to be specifically relevant for this population: type of schooling, parental educational level, environmental stimulation and living place.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These proxies need to be considered in studies on CR and Intellectual Developmental Disability and in clinical practice. Research on the protective effect of CR aims to encourage policies promoting lifestyle\u2010based educational and preventive interventions and overcome participation barriers for people with Intellectual Developmental Disability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.13204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T04:43:38Z","timestamp":1707108218000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cognitive reserve proxies for individuals with intellectual developmental disability: A scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Veronica","family":"Pucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology University of Padua  Padova Italy"},{"name":"Human Inspired Technology Centre (HIT) University of Padua  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"La Face","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inclusive Education Unit, Institute of Education Research and Teacher Education University of Graz  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Gasteiger\u2010Klicpera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inclusive Education Unit, Institute of Education Research and Teacher Education University of Graz  Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Mondini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology University of Padua  Padova Italy"},{"name":"Human Inspired Technology Centre (HIT) University of Padua  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458510380089"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2018.11.486"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12252"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.01176"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12888"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2397.2009.00703.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)00063-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwac134"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2006.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17447140903205317"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","volume-title":"The Beery\u2013Buktenica developmental test of visual\u2010motor integration","author":"Beery K.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jaba.1993.26-401"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2031952519882953"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/657508"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-015-2563-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","volume-title":"Mental disorders and disabilities among low\u2010income children","author":"Boat T. 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