{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T08:48:39Z","timestamp":1773650919678,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Research Intellect Disabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is an increasing interest in therapeutic alliance within talking therapy for people with intellectual disability. The applicability of frameworks such as Bordin's (1979) model of therapy alliance has not been considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A review of qualitative literature on people with intellectual disability's experience of talking therapy identified 23 papers. A \u2018best fit\u2019 framework synthesis was used to explore the applicability of Bordin's model to the experiences of people with intellectual disability in therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The analysis supported Bordin's core themes of bond, task and goals. An additional theme was identified concerning the extension of the therapist's role to include active advocacy and support in the lives of people with intellectual disability outside of therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study identified the experience of people with intellectual disability in therapy as consistent with Bordin's model and suggests that further research specific to the model would be productive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.70187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T02:45:43Z","timestamp":1769222743000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring How People With Intellectual Disabilities Experience the Therapeutic Alliance: A \u2018Best Fit\u2019 Framework Analysis Using Bordin's Model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Max","family":"Whittaker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust Greenbank Day Centre  Preston UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3985-6098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Jahoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychological Medicine, Gartnavel Royal Hospital  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dani","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctorate in Clinical Psychology, the School of Health in Social Science University of Edinburgh  Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5709-1586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dave","family":"Dagnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Community Learning Disability Services, Unit 9, Lillyhall Business Centre  Workington UK"},{"name":"University of Cumbria  Carlisle UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2011.00270"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"343","article-title":"Gifts and Exchanges","volume":"1","author":"Arrow K.","year":"1972","journal-title":"Philosophy & Public Affairs"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","volume-title":"Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide","author":"Birks M.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0085885"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2159676X.2019.1628806"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/AMHID-11-2019-0034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-11-29"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-13-37"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory","author":"Corbin J.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"Critical Appraisal Skills Programme.2018.\u201cCritical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Checklist.\u201dhttps:\/\/casp\u2010uk.b\u2010cdn.net\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/CASP\u2010Qualitative\u2010Checklist\u20102018_fillable_form.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bld.12359"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bld.12194"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","volume-title":"Psychotherapy for People With Intellectual Disabilities","author":"Dagnan D.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.413"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1177\/1744629518784359","article-title":"People With Intellectual Disabilities' Experiences of Psychological Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Ethnography","volume":"24","author":"Evans L.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Intellectual Disabilities: JOID"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3156.2012.00730.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jppi.12089"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/AMHID-07-2017-0030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.05.076"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13668250701413715"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.38.2.139"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.05.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2009.01189.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/AMHID-06-2013-0046"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12571"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10497323221105737"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12199"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","first-page":"433","article-title":"An Interview Study of People With Learning Disabilities' Experience of, and Satisfaction With, Group Analytic Therapy","volume":"76","author":"Macdonald J. B.","year":"2003","journal-title":"British Journal of Medical Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12144"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3156.2012.00749.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-818630-5.11031-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/17530180200900020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clipsy.9.1.21"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-7625.2007.00476.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12986"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/AMHID-09-2022-0036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20473869.2019.1651143"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2012.01546.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","first-page":"303","article-title":"The Therapist\u2010Patient Relationship: An Integrative Systems Perspective","volume":"7","author":"Pinsof W. M.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Integrative & Eclectic Psychotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-0606.1986.tb01631.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","first-page":"193","article-title":"The Functions of Safety in Psychotherapy: An Integrative Theoretical Perspective Across Therapeutic Schools","volume":"20","author":"Podolan M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clinical Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.827321"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1744629515612627"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","volume-title":"Qualitative Research Practice: A Guide for Social Science Students and Researchers","author":"Ritchie J.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1744629515614192"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2008.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2012.09.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","volume-title":"Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory, Method and Research","author":"Smith J. A.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/AMHID-05-2016-0008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.focus.20180022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.13287"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-8-45"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bld.12180"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-12-181"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","first-page":"252","article-title":"Making Recovery Meaningful for People With Intellectual Disabilities","volume":"35","author":"Trustam E.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mental Handicap Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.62.8.878"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2013.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20238"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19315864.2024.2308297"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jar.70187","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jar.70187","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jar.70187","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T07:52:58Z","timestamp":1773647578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jar.70187"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jar.70187"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jar.70187","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2322","1468-3148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2322","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70187"}}