{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T08:47:40Z","timestamp":1782204460249,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UO1AG051406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UO1AG051406"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UO1AG051412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UO1AG051412"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Research Intellect Disabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Longer life expectancy in Down syndrome (DS) has shifted concern to age\u2010related declines in everyday functioning. Adaptive and maladaptive behaviours are pivotal to quality of life, yet little is known about their patterns in older adults with DS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from 259 cognitively stable adults (25\u201372\u2009year) in the Alzheimer's Biomarkers Consortium\u2013DS were analysed. Adaptive behaviour (Vineland\u20103) and maladaptive behaviour (Reiss Screen) were analysed and then regressed on age, intellectual disability level, and cognitive tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher age and greater disability predicted poorer adaptive functioning, but effects waned after cognition was included. General cognition, cued\u2010recall memory, and inhibitory control independently predicted adaptive skills. Maladaptive behaviours were rare, lacked cognitive or demographic predictors, and correlated negatively with adaptive scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By identifying strengths, vulnerabilities, and predictors of behavioural functioning, this study offers insight into future clinical and caregiving strategies for aging adults with DS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.70234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T07:24:42Z","timestamp":1777620282000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adaptive and Maladaptive Behaviours and Their Cognitive Correlates in Aging Adults With Down Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7653-0601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingying","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Montclair State University  Montclair New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Conde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Montclair State University  Montclair New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romal","family":"Bhullar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Montclair State University  Montclair New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"For the Alzheimer's Biomarker Consortium on Down Syndrome Stud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044\u20108260.1991.tb00931.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD). n.d.\u201cAdaptive Behavior.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.aaidd.org\/intellectual\u2010disability\/definition\/adaptive\u2010behavior."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12702"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2019.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468\u20103148.2008.00473.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","volume-title":"The Beery\u2010Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual\u2010Motor Integration","author":"Beery K.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028087"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0012162204000441"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468\u20103148.2000.00003.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12438"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10040213"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13668259700033401"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102788.1999.043005393.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.00708"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410701448513"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102788.2002.00417.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","volume-title":"Assessment of Behavior Problems in Persons With Mental Retardation Living in the Community: Report on a Workshop, September 9, 1988","author":"Dibble E.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508\u2010015\u20100750\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.20159"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3104\/reprints.293"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102788.2002.00431.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.71061"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/1944\u20107558\u2010126.4.307"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/0895\u20108017(2008)113[263:Sacihf]2.0.Co;2"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","first-page":"269","article-title":"Non\u2010Normal and Categorical Data in Structural Equation Modeling","volume":"10","author":"Finney S. J.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling: A Second Course"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15377900903379125"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157667"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ndt.S68831"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.957876"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010\u20100277(94)90068\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.12065"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70294"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11091128"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/jad\u2010230200"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/0047\u20106765(2003)041<0007:ABACFO>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102788.1989.tb01467.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01974"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0280014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102788.2003.00451.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling","author":"Kline R. B.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.70076"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.12044"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065\u2010017\u20109341\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2012-120901"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102788.2007.00985.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12460"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/IJDHD.2006.5.4.357"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12217"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","volume-title":"Learning Disabilities and Mental Health: A Nursing Perspective","author":"Raghavan R.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102788.1997.tb00719.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/10203-010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2012.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1074840718823578"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2017.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","volume-title":"Handbook on Quality of Life for Human Service Practitioners","author":"Schalock R. L.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803\u2010006\u20100129\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","volume-title":"Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales\u2014Third Edition","author":"Sparrow S.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.60685"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.9961.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2013.08.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01650250344000389"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0061266"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/0895\u20108017(2003)108<327:MBRTAD>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1744629514552152"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","volume-title":"Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children\u2014Fourth Edition (WISC\u2010IV) Administration and Scoring Manual","author":"Wechsler D.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044\u20108260.1998.tb01295.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jar.70234","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jar.70234","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jar.70234","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T07:56:30Z","timestamp":1782201390000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jar.70234"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jar.70234"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jar.70234","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2322","1468-3148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2322","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70234"}}