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However, the exclusion of information from animals with uncertain paternity reduces genetic progress. The objectives of this study were as follows: (i) propose an iterative empirical Bayesian procedure to implement the hierarchical animal model (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ITER<\/jats:styled-content>); (ii) calculate the posterior probabilities of paternity by the maximum likelihood method following the concepts; (iii) compare an average numerator relationship matrix (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ANRM<\/jats:styled-content>), Bayesian hierarchical (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIER<\/jats:styled-content>) models and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ITER<\/jats:styled-content>. Records of Nellore animals born between 1984 and 2006 from the zootechnical archive of Agropecu\u00e1ria Jacarezinho Ltda were used. For data consistency, records of contemporary groups (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CG<\/jats:styled-content>s) with fewer than three animals and animals whose records were 3.5 standard deviations above or below the mean of their <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CG<\/jats:styled-content> were eliminated. After editing the data, 62,212 animals in the file and 12,876 animals in pedigree file were maintained, respectively. Spearman and Pearson correlations between the posterior mean of the genetic effects of animals were calculated to compare the ranking of animals for selection. Simulated data were used to confirm the veracity of the model. The correlations between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ITER<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIER<\/jats:styled-content> and between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ITER<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ANRM<\/jats:styled-content> were similar evaluating different files, which decreased at the same proportion when only high\u2010ranked animals were evaluated. In conclusion, the model proposed herein is a suitable computational alternative to improve the prediction of breeding values of animals in genetic evaluations using large databases, including animals with uncertain paternity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jbg.12322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,5]],"date-time":"2018-04-05T23:37:00Z","timestamp":1522971420000},"page":"116-123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Method for the estimation of genetic merit of animals with uncertain paternity under Bayesian inference"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9047-272X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Shiotsuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Pesca e Aquicultura Palmas TO Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) Jaboticabal SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.F.","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Pecu\u00e1ria Sul Bag\u00e9 RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.G.","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) Jaboticabal SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","unstructured":"Cardoso F. 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