{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T14:11:04Z","timestamp":1789740664260,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006087","name":"Direcci\u00f3n General de Asuntos del Personal Acad\u00e9mico, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IN204524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN204524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006087","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Animal Breeding Genetics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Heritability (\n                    <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) is a key parameter in animal breeding, but its magnitude and consistency across pure\u2010bred (PB) and cross\u2010bred (CB) pig populations remain poorly understood. This study aimed to compare heritability estimates between PB and CB populations for economically relevant traits through a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis. A total of 28 studies (75 independent\n                    <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    estimates) were identified through searches in PubMed, Mendeley, Springer, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar (2000\u20132024). Multilevel random\u2010effects models with logit transformation were applied. Traits were grouped into reproductive, growth, conformation and carcass categories. Reproductive traits showed low heritability (e.g., litter size: 0.06 in PB and 0.20 in CB; number born alive [NBA]: 0.07 in CB), whereas growth and carcass traits exhibited moderate values (e.g., average daily gain: 0.21 in PB and 0.31 in CB; intramuscular fat: 0.31 in PB and 0.29 in CB; pH: 0.23\u20130.26). Meta\u2010regression did not detect a significant effect of population type (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.124,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.630), whereas studies accounting for non\u2010additive genetic effects showed significantly different heritability estimates (QM\u2009=\u20094.35,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.037), and high heterogeneity was observed across traits (\n                    <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u200990%). These results indicate that cross\u2010breeding does not systematically increase additive heritability. Instead, differences depend on trait type, likely reflecting differences in genetic architecture and the relative contribution of additive and non\u2010additive genetic effects. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of population\u2010specific genetic evaluations and context\u2010dependent breeding strategies in pig production, supporting the complementary interpretation of heritability and pure\u2010bred\u2013cross\u2010bred genetic correlation (rPC) within Combined Cross\u2010bred and Pure\u2010bred Selection (CCPS) programmes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jbg.70077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T13:47:06Z","timestamp":1789739226000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Heritability of Productive, Reproductive and Carcass Traits in Pure\u2010Bred and Cross\u2010Bred Pigs: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6325-0873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wilber","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez\u2010Montiel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agroingenier\u00eda Universidad del Papaloapan  Oaxaca Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6192-6566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amada I.","family":"Osorio\u2010Ter\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agroingenier\u00eda Universidad del Papaloapan  Oaxaca Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9870-9442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edctor M.","family":"Meza\u2010Villalvazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda Universidad del Papaloapan  Oaxaca Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0528-4801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adolfo","family":"Amador\u2010Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agroingenier\u00eda Universidad del Papaloapan  Oaxaca Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4130-8023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Abad\u2010Zavaleta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda Universidad del Papaloapan  Oaxaca Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3336-5017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicol\u00e1s","family":"Valenzuela\u2010Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agroingenier\u00eda Universidad del Papaloapan  Oaxaca Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8907-2542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario Alberto","family":"Mart\u00ednez\u2010N\u00fa\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UAET\u2010Oaxaca, Instituto de Geograf\u00eda Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico  Oaxaca Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1079\/9781845937560.0218","volume-title":"Genetics of the Pig","author":"Bidanel J. 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