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We aimed to determine the relationship between the use of physical restraints and psychotropic\/sedative PRN medications, and to characterize individual attributes, substance use, clinical factors, and time of the first restraint episodes of the use of physical restraints and psychotropic\/sedative PRN medications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective case\u2010control study approach was used with the data from electronic health records at a pediatric psychiatric hospital in the United States. Descriptive statistics, <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, multivariate logistic regression, and Cox proportional hazard model were used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants of younger age and participants with a longer length of stay were significantly associated with the use of physical restraints and psychotropic\/sedative PRN medications, although the substance\u2010related risks were not significantly associated with the use of restraints. Physical restraints were more likely to have occurred soon after the admission and tapered off as the length of stay increased.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provides important information in understanding the risk factors of the use of restraints and psychotropic\/sedative PRN medications in psychiatric adolescent inpatient units.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcap.12413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T05:06:49Z","timestamp":1679548009000},"page":"199-210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The use of physical restraints and PRN medications in adolescent psychiatric inpatient units"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Joohyun","family":"Chung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Elaine Marieb College of Nursing University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer and Information Science Department University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Dartmouth Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riazat","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer and Information Science Department University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Dartmouth Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maureen","family":"Eisenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LifeSpan Healthcare System Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donghui","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Art and Science University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Dartmouth Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vareen","family":"Domaleski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LifeSpan Healthcare System Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2018-1852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeungok","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Elaine Marieb College of Nursing University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics &amp; Epidemiology University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-017-0711-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000002385"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1078390318817130"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695-20181022-01"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Nurses Association. 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