{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T13:52:46Z","timestamp":1791985966602,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Adoles Psych Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may have long\u2010term effects on women's reproductive and psychological health, including premenstrual symptoms and fear of childbirth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to examine the relationships between ACEs, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and fear of childbirth (FoC) among young women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional and correlational study was conducted with 399 female university students in T\u00fcrkiye between March and April 2022. Data were collected using the Adverse Childhood Experiences\u2010Turkish Form (ACE\u2010TF), Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS), and Women's Fear of Childbirth\u2010Prior to Pregnancy Scale (WCF\u2010PPS). Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the participants, 58.6% reported at least one ACE and 71.7% had PMS symptoms. ACE scores were positively correlated with PMS (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.476,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and FoC (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.169,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). PMS was also positively correlated with FoC (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.455,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). ACEs explained 22.5% of the variance in PMS scores (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.225) and 2.6% of the variance in FoC scores (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.026).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adverse childhood experiences were associated with greater premenstrual symptoms and fear of childbirth among young women. Incorporating trauma\u2010informed assessment and individualized psychosocial support into reproductive health care may facilitate early identification of women at increased risk for reproductive and emotional distress.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcap.70076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T14:35:26Z","timestamp":1789742126000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u201cHow Long Is the Shadow of the Past?\u201d the Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Premenstrual Symptoms and Fear of Childbirth"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5149-9137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meserret","family":"Aslan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Faculty, Midwifery Department Istanbul Atlas University Ka\u011f\u0131thane 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