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Activation and overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of both essential hypertension and AF. Catheter\u2010based renal sympathetic denervation (RSDN) appears to be an effective adjunctive treatment for refractory hypertension, and may be beneficial in other conditions characterized by SNS overactivity, such as left ventricular hypertrophy and atrial arrhythmias.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The H\u2010FIB study is a multicenter prospective, double\u2010blind, randomized (1:1) controlled trial. The primary efficacy endpoint is antiarrhythmic drug\u2010free freedom from AF recurrence through 12 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with a history of significant hypertension who are receiving treatment with at least one antihypertensive agent who are planned for a first time ablation for symptomatic paroxysmal or persistent AF will be randomized to either AF ablation alone (control group) or AF ablation + RSDN (study group).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>H\u2010FIB is a multicenter, randomized trial that will test the hypothesis that adjunctive renal sympathetic denervation, at the time of AF ablation, will increase the freedom from recurrent AF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.12095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,14]],"date-time":"2013-01-14T21:55:41Z","timestamp":1358200541000},"page":"503-509","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Adjunctive Renal Sympathetic Denervation to Modify Hypertension as Upstream Therapy in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (H\u2010FIB) Study: Clinical Background and Study Design"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"HUMERA","family":"AHMED","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmsley Electrophysiology Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MARC A.","family":"MILLER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmsley Electrophysiology Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SRINIVAS 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