{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:51:35Z","timestamp":1790725895888,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,25]],"date-time":"2015-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1432512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Impact of Non\u2010PV AF Foci on the Second Catheter Ablation for PAF<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) is primarily triggered by pulmonary veins (PVs). However, non\u2010PV AF foci may also trigger AF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined 207 patients (mean age, 62 \u00b1 11 years; 166 men) who underwent a second catheter ablation (CA) and evaluated the clinical significance of non\u2010PV AF foci on the outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Electrical reconnections between the PVs and left atrium (LA) were observed in 162 patients (78.3%). Non\u2010PV AF foci were identified in 95 patients (45.9%, 60 patients with successfully ablated non\u2010PV AF foci and 35 with unmappable non\u2010PV AF foci). During a median follow\u2010up period of 22.7 months, 61 patients (29.5%; 18\/112 [16.1%] without non\u2010PV AF foci vs. 20\/60 [33.3%] with successfully ablated non\u2010PV AF foci vs. 23\/35 [65.7%] with unmappable non\u2010PV AF foci, P &lt; 0.0001) developed AF recurrence; 52 (85.2%) developed recurrence within 1 year. The presence of non\u2010PV AF foci was a significant clinical predictor of AF recurrence after the second CA; successfully ablated non\u2010PV AF foci increased the AF recurrence risk by 2.24 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12\u20134.54; P = 0.02), and unmappable AF foci increased this risk by 5.58 times (95% CI, 2.73\u201311.63; P &lt; 0.0001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nearly half of the patients had non\u2010PV AF foci at the second CA session. AF recurred after the second CA session in approximately 30%, with most recurrences happening within 1 year. The presence of non\u2010PV AF foci significantly increased the AF recurrence risk after a second CA. When non\u2010PV AF foci were unmappable, the AF recurrence rate was extremely high.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.12681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,6]],"date-time":"2015-04-06T09:30:58Z","timestamp":1428312658000},"page":"739-746","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Impact of Non\u2010Pulmonary Vein Foci on the Outcome of the Second Session of Catheter Ablation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"MASATERU","family":"TAKIGAWA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital  Yokosuka Japan"},{"name":"Heart Rhythm Center Tokyo Medical and Dental University  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Tokyo Medical and Dental University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ATSUSHI","family":"TAKAHASHI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital  Yokosuka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"TAISHI","family":"KUWAHARA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital  Yokosuka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KENJI","family":"OKUBO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital  Yokosuka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YOSHIHIDE","family":"TAKAHASHI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital  Yokosuka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EMIKO","family":"NAKASHIMA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital  Yokosuka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YUJI","family":"WATARI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital  Yokosuka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KAZUYA","family":"YAMAO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital  Yokosuka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JUN","family":"NAKAJIMA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital  Yokosuka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KATSUMASA","family":"TAKAGI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital  Yokosuka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SHIGEKI","family":"KIMURA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital  Yokosuka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HIROYUKI","family":"HIKITA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Yokosuka Kyosai Hospital  Yokosuka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KENZO","family":"HIRAO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Rhythm Center Tokyo Medical and Dental University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MITSUAKI","family":"ISOBE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Tokyo Medical and Dental University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199809033391003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2007.01071.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000074206.52056.2D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.946806"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2011.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.112.004549"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eun018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2010.01885.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.113.000471"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2007.04.005","article-title":"HRS\/EHRA\/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: Recommendations for personnel, policy, procedures and follow\u2010up. 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