{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T10:58:22Z","timestamp":1779879502490,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,12]],"date-time":"2015-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Primary Persistent AF<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Persistent atrial fibrillation (persAF) can occur either as a sustained arrhythmia that has progressed from initially paroxysmal AF or as primary persAF without a history of any spontaneously terminated episode. There is a paucity of data differentiating between the 2 different persAF entities. Thus, we prospectively evaluated baseline characteristics, electrophysiological features, and ablation outcome in these 2 patient cohorts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total number of 154 consecutive persAF patients (63 \u00b1 10 years, f = 42, longstanding persAF = 60) were characterized in terms of having primary persAF (P\u2010persAF group) or persAF that secondarily progressed from paroxysmal AF (S\u2010persAF group). All patients underwent de novo catheter ablation using the stepwise approach. PersAF entities were characterized by detailed patient history, sequential Holter monitoring, and reports of documented modes of AF conversion, respectively.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The P\u2010persAF group had a higher number of young patients (&lt;50 years), a shorter AF history, and a higher number of congestive heart failure. The HATCH score did not differ between the groups. Procedural AF termination rate was significantly higher in S\u2010persAF than in P\u2010persAF patients (n = 55 [81%] vs. n = 58 [68%], P = 0.043). At 1\u2010year follow\u2010up, the arrhythmia\u2010free survival after a single procedure was significantly lower in patients with P\u2010persAF (26% vs. 43%, P = 0.016). Categorization to P\u2010persAF was the strongest independent predictor of arrhythmia recurrence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>P\u2010persAF seems to be a specific arrhythmia entity that is associated with a lower AF\u2010termination rate and a worse outcome after catheter ablation as compared to S\u2010persAF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.12818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,25]],"date-time":"2015-08-25T04:10:03Z","timestamp":1440475803000},"page":"1289-1294","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Primary Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: A Distinct Arrhythmia Subentity of an Ablation Population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"TORSTEN","family":"KONRAD","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"II. Medical Clinic, Department of Electrophysiology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CATHRIN","family":"THEIS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"II. Medical Clinic, Department of Electrophysiology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HANKE","family":"MOLLNAU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"II. Medical Clinic, Department of Electrophysiology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SEBASTIAN","family":"SONNENSCHEIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"II. Medical Clinic, Department of Electrophysiology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BLANCA QUESADA","family":"OCETE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"II. Medical Clinic, Department of Electrophysiology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KARSTEN","family":"BOCK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"II. Medical Clinic, Department of Electrophysiology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"THOMAS","family":"M\u00dcNZEL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"II. Medical Clinic, Department of Electrophysiology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"THOMAS","family":"ROSTOCK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"II. 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