{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T09:01:05Z","timestamp":1771059665777,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]],"date-time":"2017-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Empiric Thoracic Vein Isolation<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The guidelines suggest that an adjuvant substrate modification in addition to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) may be needed for persistent atrial fibrillation (PerAF) assuming that catheter ablation is less successful for PerAF than paroxysmal AF (PAF). To revisit the above assumption, we compared the outcome of the same catheter ablation strategy between PAF and PerAF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two hundred and thirty\u2010three consecutive patients (mean age 60 \u00b1 10 years, 53 PerAF and 8 long\u2010lasting PerAF) without structural heart disease underwent catheter ablation of AF by the same strategy using an empiric thoracic vein isolation (a wide circumferential PVI plus empiric superior vena cava isolation) as a major part of the strategy without any adjuvant substrate modification. The duration of AF in the patients with PerAF was 6 \u00b1 4 months. During 25 \u00b1 10 months of follow\u2010up after single procedures, 71 (30%) patients had atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrences without antiarrhythmic drugs. A Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis of the recurrence\u2010free survival rate after a single procedure and after repeat procedures revealed no significant difference between the patients with PAF and those with PerAF (log\u2010rank, P = 0.38 and P = 0.27, respectively). A Cox regression multivariate analysis of the variables including the age, gender, PerAF, body mass index, left ventricular ejection fraction, and left atrial volume index demonstrated that none of the variables were an independent predictor of an atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence after a single ablation procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients without underlying heart disease, the procedural outcome of an empiric thoracic vein isolation is comparable for PAF and PerAF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,5]],"date-time":"2017-01-05T10:36:40Z","timestamp":1483612600000},"page":"266-272","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Comparison of the Efficacy of Empiric Thoracic Vein Isolation for the Treatment of Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Without Structural Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"KOICHIRO","family":"EJIMA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"RYUTA","family":"HENMI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"YUJI","family":"IWANAMI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DAIGO","family":"YAGISHITA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MORIO","family":"SHODA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"NOBUHISA","family":"HAGIWARA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Tokyo Women's Medical University  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eus027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1408288"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2015.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.07.770"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.115.003461"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.02.543"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005421"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2015.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2005.10.005","article-title":"Chamber Quantification Writing Group; 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