{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T23:12:36Z","timestamp":1769555556733,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]],"date-time":"2018-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiac syncope heralds significantly higher mortality compared with syncope due to noncardiac causes or unknown etiology, commonly considered a benign event. A few epidemiologic studies have examined the outcome of noncardiac\/unexplained syncope comparing individuals with and without syncope, but with controversial results. We performed a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis to clarify whether history of noncardiac\/unexplained syncope is associated with increased all\u2010cause mortality in the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our systematic review of the literature published between January 1, 1966, and March 31, 2018 sought prospective, observational, cohort studies reporting summary\u2010level outcome data about all\u2010cause mortality in subjects with history of noncardiac\/unexplained syncope compared with syncope\u2010free participants. Adjusted hazard ratios were pooled through inverse variance random\u2010effect meta\u2010analysis to compute the summary effect size. Meta\u2010regression models were performed to explore the effect of age, cardiovascular risk factors, or other potential confounders on the measured effect size. We identified four studies including 287\u2009382 individuals (51.6% men; age, 64\u2009\u00b1\u200912 years): 38\u2009843 with history of noncardiac\/unexplained syncope and 248\u2009539 without history of syncope. The average follow\u2010up was 4.4 years. History of noncardiac\/unexplained syncope was associated with higher all\u2010cause mortality (pooled adjusted hazard ratio\u2009=\u20091.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 1.23). Meta\u2010regression analysis showed a stronger positive relationship proportional to aging and increasing prevalence of diabetes and hypertension.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study\u2010level meta\u2010analysis showed that among older, diabetic and\/or hypertensive individuals, history of noncardiac\/unexplained syncope, even in the absence of an obvious cardiac etiology, is associated with higher all\u2010cause mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,14]],"date-time":"2018-08-14T11:24:49Z","timestamp":1534245889000},"page":"1641-1647","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Prognostic significance of noncardiac syncope in the general population: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7427-0658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Ricci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience and Imaging and Clinical Sciences Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, G. D\u2019Annunzio University Chieti Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Sutton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Palermi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences Institute of Cardiology, and Center of Excellence on Aging, CeSI\u2010Met, G. D\u2019Annunzio University Chieti Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Tana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine Geriatric\u2010Rehabilitation Department Internal Medicine and Critical Subacute Care Unit, University Hospital of Parma Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Renda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences Institute of Cardiology, and Center of Excellence on Aging, CeSI\u2010Met, G. D\u2019Annunzio University Chieti Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Gallina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences Institute of Cardiology, and Center of Excellence on Aging, CeSI\u2010Met, G. D\u2019Annunzio University Chieti Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olle","family":"Melander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"De Caterina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences Institute of Cardiology, and Center of Excellence on Aging, CeSI\u2010Met, G. 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