{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T16:05:16Z","timestamp":1783008316972,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,4]],"date-time":"2018-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 104\u20102314\u2010B\u2010075\u2010065\u2010MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 104\u20102314\u2010B\u2010075\u2010065\u2010MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 106\u20102314\u2010B\u2010010\u2010054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 106\u20102314\u2010B\u2010010\u2010054"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007225","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST107\u20102314\u2010B\u2010010\u2010057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST107\u20102314\u2010B\u2010010\u2010057"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007225","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>It has not been previously investigated whether the recurrence mechanism after cryoballoon ablation (CBA) of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) is similar to that of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). We aimed to evaluate the differences of recurrence characteristics between RFCA and CBA after the index procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 210 patients were enrolled in the study, and 69 patients underwent pulmonary vein (PV) isolation using a 28\u2010mm second\u2010generation CBA. The control group comprising 140 patients underwent PV isolation using an open\u2010irrigated radiofrequency ablation catheter. A total of 69 patients in the CBA group and 69 patients in the RFCA group were investigated after propensity score matching. Recurrence patterns of AF were studied in the repeated procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the index procedure, there was no difference in PV or non\u2010PV triggers between the two groups. Nineteen (27.5%) patients in the CBA group and 19 (27.5%) patients in the RFCA group had recurrence after a follow\u2010up of 11.3\u2009\u00b1\u20097 months. The Kaplan\u2010Meier curve did not reveal significant difference in recurrence (log\u2010rank, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.364) between the two groups. In the second procedure, the CBA group had more non\u2010PV triggers (63.6%, \n<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009) and left atrial (LA) flutters (54.5%, \n<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.027) compared with the RFCA group (12.5% and 12.5%, respectively). The PV reconnection rates were similar between both groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no difference in AF recurrence after catheter ablation between CBA and RFCA, but significant increases of non\u2010PV triggers and LA flutter during the second procedure suggest the importance of the atrial substrate in maintaining AF during the second procedure after previous CBA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,19]],"date-time":"2018-09-19T10:49:54Z","timestamp":1537354194000},"page":"16-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The importance of extrapulmonary vein triggers and atypical atrial flutter in atrial fibrillation recurrence after cryoablation: Insights from repeat ablation procedures"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Ting\u2010Yung","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9102-227X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li\u2010Wei","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7461-2793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigail Louise D.","family":"Te","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yenn\u2010Jiang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih\u2010Lin","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Feng","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei 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Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u2010Nan","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute, National Yang\u2010Ming University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ta\u2010Chuan","family":"Tuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine and 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