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Epicardial pathology and VT is frequently present in patients with nonischemic right and\/or left cardiomyopathies even in the setting of modest or no endocardial bipolar voltage substrate. In this setting, unipolar voltage mapping from the endocardium serves to help identify midmyocardial and\/or epicardial VT substrate. The additional value of endocardial unipolar mapping includes its usefulness to predict the clinical outcome after VT ablation, to determine the irreversibility of myocardial disease, and to guide endomyocardial biopsy procedures to specific areas of intramural scarring. In this review, we aim to provide a guide to the use of endocardial unipolar mapping and its appropriate interpretation in a variety of clinical situations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]],"date-time":"2019-01-07T02:17:29Z","timestamp":1546827449000},"page":"427-437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Three\u2010dimensional myocardial scar characterization from the endocardium: Usefulness of endocardial unipolar electroanatomic mapping"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Victor","family":"Bazan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol Badalona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9276-4857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David S.","family":"Frankel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Section, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0023-9666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pasquale","family":"Santangeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Section, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fermin C.","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Section, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cory M.","family":"Tschabrunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Section, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7962-9423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francis E.","family":"Marchlinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrophysiology Section, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.109.904763"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.72.3.596"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2005.50155.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00369904"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(53)90221-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2015.09.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.115.003841"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2015.09.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCA.0b013e3283507a9b"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_11_1","first-page":"607","article-title":"Safety, long\u2010term outcomes and predictors of recurrence after first\u2010line combined endoepicardial ventricular tachycardia substrate ablation in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. 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