{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T23:27:36Z","timestamp":1791329256277,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,15]],"date-time":"2020-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Instruction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Longer atrial fibrillation (AF) durations have higher recurrence rates after rhythm control. However, there is limited data on the effect of the AF duration on recurrence after atrial fibrillation catheter ablation (AFCA). In the present study, we investigated the rhythm outcome of AFCA according to the AF duration based on the first electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 1005 patients with AF (75% male, 59\u2009\u00b1\u200911 years old) who underwent AFCA and whose first ECG diagnosis time point was evident. The clinical characteristics and rhythm outcomes were compared based on the AF duration (\u22643 years, n\u2009=\u2009537; &gt;3 years, n\u2009=\u2009468) and AF burden (paroxysmal atrial fibrillation [PAF], n\u2009=\u2009387; persistent atrial fibrillation [PeAF], n\u2009=\u2009618). Longer AF durations were associated with older age (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.020), larger left atrial size (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.009) and a higher number of patients with hypertension (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) or PeAF (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). During 24\u2009\u00b1\u200922 months of follow\u2010up, the postablation clinical recurrence rate was higher in patients with a longer AF duration (logrank <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.002). The AF recurrence rate was significantly higher in PeAF patients with an AF duration &gt;3 years (logrank <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009), but not in subjects with PAF (logrank <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.939). In a multivariate Cox regression analysis, a longer AF duration was significantly associated with a higher clinical recurrence rate after AFCA in PeAF patients (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.06; range, 1.03\u20100.10; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), but not PAF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although longer AF duration was associated with higher clinical recurrence rates after AFCA, the rate was significant in patients with PeAF lasting &gt;3 years, but not in PAF patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T05:11:48Z","timestamp":1578633108000},"page":"457-464","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Persistent atrial fibrillation over 3 years is associated with higher recurrence after catheter ablation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Hee Tae","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u2010Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae\u2010Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1611-8172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae\u2010Sun","family":"Uhm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong\u2010Youn","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boyoung","family":"Joung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moon\u2010Hyoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3256-3620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui\u2010Nam","family":"Pak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2018.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0803778"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.03.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.01.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn139"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2012.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707855"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2018.01.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.119.007197"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2015.04.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.13600"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2011-300550"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"632.e21","article-title":"2012 HRS\/EHRA\/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for patient selection, procedural techniques, patient management and follow\u2010up, definitions, endpoints, and research trial design: a report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Task Force on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. Developed in partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society (ECAS); and in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). 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