{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T23:36:19Z","timestamp":1787960179514,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>No studies so far addressed the role of invasive programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS) in myocarditis patient's arrhythmic risk stratification.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We present a single\u2010center prospective study on 96 consecutive adult patients (44\u2009\u00b1\u200913\u2009years, 70.1% males) with myocarditis and ventricular arrhythmias (VA) at index hospitalization. Depending on baseline endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) and cardiac magnetic resonance, patients were divided into two groups: active (A) vs nonactive (NA) myocarditis. All of the patients underwent PVS at index hospitalization. Medical treatment and implantable cardioverter\u2010defibrillator (ICD) implantation were clinically\u2010driven. Malignant VA episodes (MVA\u2009=\u2009ventricular tachycardias [VT], ventricular fibrillation [VF], appropriate ICD therapy) were evaluated at 54\u2009\u00b1\u200918 months follow\u2010up (FU). Patients who underwent VT ablation or with myocarditis recurrence (n\u2009=\u20099) were excluded. Of 87 patients, 41 (47.2%) were in group A. PVS was positive in 32 cases (36.8%), 16 A vs 16 NA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009NS), with no associations with VA type at presentation. Before discharge, 55 patients (63.2%) underwent ICD implant. In FU, MVA occurred in 27 patients (31.0%), 13 A vs 14 NA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009NS), 18 PVS+ vs 9 PVS\u2010 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). The association between PVS result and FU MVA was maximal in group NA (high rule\u2010out performance with negative predictive value\u2009=\u200990.0%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and minimal in group A (low rule\u2010in performance with PPV\u2009=\u200943.8%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.302). In the whole population, three independent factors for major VA were identified: major arrhythmic onset by sustained VT or VF (HR 2.8, 95% CI, 1.0\u20107.4, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.042), presence of fibrosis at EMB (HR 5.8, 95% CI, 1.1\u201030.0, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.038), and PVS positivity (HR 4.2, 95% CI, 1.7\u201010.7, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.003).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In myocarditis patients presenting with VA, PVS is associated with FU MVA in NA patients, but not in A ones. Overall, risk stratification of arrhythmic myocardits is still complex and multifactorial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,30]],"date-time":"2020-01-30T12:17:15Z","timestamp":1580386635000},"page":"692-701","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Programmed ventricular stimulation in patients with active vs previous arrhythmic myocarditis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1815-4000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Peretto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmology IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Vita\u2010Salute University Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Sala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmology IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Vita\u2010Salute University Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Basso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Pathology Padua Hospital and University Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8346-1387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Della Bella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmology IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Vita\u2010Salute University Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"447","volume-title":"Fighting Sudden Cardiac Death: A Worldwide Challenge","author":"Basso C","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"1601","article-title":"2015 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: the Task Force for the Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death of the ESC; endorsed by: Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC)","volume":"17","author":"Priori SG","year":"2015","journal-title":"Europace"},{"issue":"15","key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"e190","article-title":"AHA\/ACC\/HRS Guideline for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society","volume":"2018","author":"Al\u2010Khatib SM","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.44.1.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht210"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs397"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp249"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.11.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","volume-title":"Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology: Techniques and Interpretations","author":"Josephson ME","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021109130276"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043399"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2013.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2018.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.03.020"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjce.14374","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jce.14374","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jce.14374","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jce.14374","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T03:32:17Z","timestamp":1694057537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jce.14374"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jce.14374"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jce.14374","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1045-3873","1540-8167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1045-3873","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-10-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-02-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}