{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T14:46:42Z","timestamp":1784040402554,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) became an alternative method for stroke prevention in patients with non\u2010valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) intolerant to long term oral anticoagulation therapy. This study aimed to compare endocardial (Amulet and LAmbere occluders) and epicardial (Lariat) LAAC techniques.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective, observational case\u2010control study included 223 consecutive CHA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>DS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010VAS score\u2013matched patients with AF who underwent LAAC in two centers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 55 matched cases with the mean CHA2DS2\u2010VASs score 4.4\u2009\u00b1\u20091.22 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091). Overall follow\u2010up was 308.2 patient\u2010years. The Endocardial group patients were older and more often females with congestive heart failure and peripheral vascular disease. The epicardial group more frequently had a stroke\/transient ischemic attack history. There were no differences in hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and indications for procedure between both groups. The mean HAS\u2010BLED score was significantly higher in the endocardial group than in the epicardial group (4.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9 vs. 3.7\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.011). There were no differences in annual rates of thromboembolic events (2.6% vs 0.5%) and annual stroke (0.87% vs. 0%) between the endocardial and epicardial groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endocardial and Epicardial LAAC techniques show comparable implantation outcomes and safety profile and stroke prevention in patients with AF. Future randomized studies are needed to corroborate these initial results and assess long term mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T17:31:47Z","timestamp":1604511107000},"page":"93-101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Endocardial versus epicardial left atrial appendage exclusion for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation: Midterm follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3736-8987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radoslaw","family":"Litwinowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Jagiellonian University Medical College John Paul II Hospital Krakow 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