{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:16:03Z","timestamp":1790036163737,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiac implanted electronic device (CIED) pocket and systemic infection remain common complications with traditional CIEDs and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Leadless pacemakers may be an attractive pacing alternative for many patients following complete hardware removal for a CIED infection by eliminating surgical pocket\u2010related complications as well as lower risk of recurrent complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe use and outcomes associated with leadless pacemaker implantation following extraction of a CIED system due to infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patient characteristics and postprocedural outcomes were described in patients who underwent leadless pacemaker implantation at Duke University Hospital between November 11, 2014 and November 18, 2019, following CIED infection and device extraction. Outcomes of interest included procedural complications, pacemaker syndrome, need for system revision, and recurrent infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 39 patients, the mean age was 71\u2009\u00b1\u200917 years, 31% were women, and the most frequent primary pacing indication was complete heart block (64.1%) with 9 (23.1%) patients being pacemaker dependent at the time of Micra implantation. The primary organism implicated in the CIED infection was <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (43.6%). Nine of the 39 patients had a leadless pacemaker implanted before or on the same day as their extraction procedure, and the remaining 30 patients had a leadless pacemaker implanted after their extraction procedure. During follow\u2010up (mean 24.8\u2009\u00b1\u200914.7 months) after leadless pacemaker implantation, there were a total of 3 major complications: 1 groin hematoma, 1 femoral arteriovenous fistula, and 1 case of pacemaker syndrome. No patients had evidence of recurrent CIED infection after leadless pacemaker implantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite a prior CIED infection and an elevated risk of recurrent infection, there was no evidence of CIED infection with a mean follow up of over 2 years following leadless pacemaker implantation at or after CIED system removal. Larger studies with longer follow\u2010up are required to determine if there is a long\u2010term advantage to implanting a leadless pacemaker versus a traditional pacemaker following temporary pacing when needed during the periextraction period in patients with a prior CIED infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.15363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T05:40:06Z","timestamp":1642138806000},"page":"464-470","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Leadless pacemaker implantation after lead extraction for cardiac implanted electronic device infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Bicong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Carson","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University School of Medicine  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Arps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sana M.","family":"Al\u2010Khatib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9001-506X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tristram D.","family":"Bahnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9616-9219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James P.","family":"Daubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Frazier\u2010Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald D.","family":"Hegland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2948-1333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin P.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0195-1081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larry R.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Durham VA Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8140-9822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert K.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Durham VA Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean D.","family":"Pokorney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9371-1180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert Y.","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Durham VA Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin L.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0772-2404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan P.","family":"Piccini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Disease Duke University Medical Center  Durham North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.025037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.116.004822"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2018.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13851"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2018.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2016.06.1217"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.12407"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14362"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"PicciniJP et al. Comparison of outcomes among patients implanted with a tined leadless versus transvenous single\u2010chamber ventricular pacemaker in the novel Micra CED study. Presented on: May 8 2020. HRS 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14390"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19102\/icrm.2019.101204"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jce.15363","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jce.15363","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jce.15363","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T20:15:37Z","timestamp":1692648937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jce.15363"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jce.15363"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jce.15363","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1045-3873","1540-8167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1045-3873","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-08-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}