{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T13:50:30Z","timestamp":1790344230322,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) represent a challenging population for rhythm control therapies. Catheter ablation (CA) with pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is an effective treatment option for the reduction of the arrhythmic burden. Data regarding the comparability between radiofrequency (RF) and cryoballoon ablation (CRYO) in persistent AF are limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a prospective, randomized, single\u2010center study designed to compare the efficacy in terms of rhythm control between RF and CRYO in persistent AF. Eligible participants were randomized 2:1 in two arms: RF and CRYO. The primary endpoint of the study was arrhythmia relapse in the early postprocedural period (first 3 months) and in the middle term follow\u2010up (3 months to 12 months). Secondary endpoints included procedure duration, fluoroscopy time, and complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 199 patients participated in the study (133 patients in the RF arm, 66 in the CRYO arm). No statistically significant difference occurred between the two groups regarding the primary endpoint (recurrences \u22643 months: 35.5% RF vs. 37.9% CRYO, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> .755, recurrences &gt;3 months: 26.3% RF vs. 27.3% CRYO, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> .999). From the secondary endpoints, CRYO was a procedure of significantly shorter duration (75.15\u2009\u00b1\u200917.21 in CRYO vs. 136.6\u2009\u00b1\u200943.33 in RF group, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>CRYO and RF ablation appear to be equally effective for rhythm control in patients with persistent AF. CRYO ablation is advantageous in terms of procedure duration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.15965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T09:49:06Z","timestamp":1686304146000},"page":"1523-1528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Radiofrequency versus cryoballoon catheter ablation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: A randomized trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0147-1077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Mililis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ourania","family":"Kariki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Saplaouras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1009-9772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Bazoukis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Larnaca General Hospital Larnaca Cyprus"},{"name":"Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences University of Nicosia Medical School Nicosia Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stylianos","family":"Dragasis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilias G.","family":"Patsiotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athena","family":"Batsouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Evangelismos General Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Vlachos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8924-8261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos P.","family":"Letsas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Efremidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arrhythmia Unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center Athens 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