{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T03:14:45Z","timestamp":1791947685277,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pulsed field ablation (PFA) represents a novel, nonthermal energy modality that can be applied for single\u2010shot pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in atrial fibrillation (AF). Comparative data with regard to deep sedation to established single\u2010shot modalities such as cryoballoon (CB) ablation are scarce. The aim of this study was to compare a deep sedation protocol in patients receiving PVI with either PFA or CB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective, consecutive AF patients undergoing PVI with a pentaspline PFA catheter were compared to a retrospective CB\u2010PVI cohort of the same timeframe. Study endpoints were the requirements of analgesics, cardiorespiratory stability, and sedation\u2010associated complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 100 PVI patients were included (PFA <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200950, CB <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200950, mean age 66\u2009\u00b1\u200910.6, 61% male patients, 65% paroxysmal AF). Requirement of propofol, midazolam, and sufentanyl was significantly higher in the PFA group compared to CB [propofol 0.14\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04\u2009mg\/kg\/min in PFA vs. 0.11\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04\u2009mg\/kg\/min in CB (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001); midazolam 0.00086\u2009\u00b1\u20090.0004\u2009mg\/kg\/min in PFA vs. 0.0006295\u2009\u00b1\u20090.0003\u2009mg\/kg\/min in CB (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.002) and sufentanyl 0.0013\u2009\u00b1\u20090.0007\u2009\u00b5g\/kg\/min in PFA vs. 0.0008\u2009\u00b1\u20090.0004\u2009\u00b5g\/kg\/min in CB (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001)]. Sedation\u2010associated complications did not differ between both groups (PFA <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091\/50 mild aspiration pneumonia, CB <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090\/50, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.99). Nonsedation\u2010associated complications (PFA: <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092\/50, 4%, CB: <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091\/50, 2%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.99) and procedure times (PFA 75\u2009\u00b1\u200931, CB 84\u2009\u00b1\u200932\u2009min, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.18) did not differ between groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>PFA is associated with higher sedation and especially analgesia requirements. However, the safety of deep sedation does not differ to CB ablation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.16141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T23:37:11Z","timestamp":1701128231000},"page":"162-170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Pulsed\u2010field versus cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation\u2014Impact of energy source on sedation and analgesia requirement"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Rahin","family":"Wahedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine Asklepios Hospital St. Georg Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Willems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine Asklepios Hospital St. Georg Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Hamburg\/Kiel\/L\u00fcbeck Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Feldhege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asklepios Proresearch Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Jularic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine Asklepios Hospital St. Georg Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine Asklepios Hospital St. Georg Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9738-4685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"Anwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine Asklepios Hospital St. Georg Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jannis","family":"Dickow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine Asklepios Hospital St. Georg Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Harloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine Asklepios Hospital St. Georg Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5626-7749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nele","family":"Gessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine Asklepios Hospital St. Georg Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Hamburg\/Kiel\/L\u00fcbeck Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Asklepios Proresearch Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7561-7185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie A.","family":"Gunawardene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine Asklepios Hospital St. Georg Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site 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