{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T15:45:59Z","timestamp":1771515959408,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,10]],"date-time":"2024-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S\u2010ICD) is an alternative to a transvenous ICD in patients who meet the criteria for ICD implantation without concurrent need for cardiac pacing. The objective of this study is to examine the rates of and indications for S\u2010ICD removal and extraction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent S\u2010ICD implantation between 2010 and 2022 at a single multihospital healthcare system was performed. The primary endpoint was S\u2010ICD removal or extraction. Patient and device characteristics were abstracted from the electronic medical record. Univariate and multivariate analyses were completed to determine factors associated with S\u2010ICD extraction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 372 patients (69.5% male; 48.6\u2009\u00b1\u200914.4 years old) underwent S\u2010ICD implantation during the study period. There were 22 (5.9%) patients (81.8% male; 52.1\u2009\u00b1\u200913.2 years old) who underwent S\u2010ICD extraction over a median follow\u2010up period of 4.4 [2.0\u22126.5] years. The median length of time between implantation and extraction was 39.6 [8.3\u221264.6] months. The most common indications for S\u2010ICD extraction were the need for bradycardia pacing (frequency among extractions, 18.2%), infection (22.7%), and inappropriate shocks due to oversensing (22.7%). A smoking history and higher body mass index were independently associated with S\u2010ICD extraction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The overall rate of S\u2010ICD extraction over 4.4 [2.0\u22126.5] years was 5.9%, with the most common indications for extraction being the need for bradycardia pacing, infection, and inappropriate shocks due to oversensing. A smoking history and high body mass index are associated with increased rates of S\u2010ICD extraction. With appropriate patient selection for the S\u2010ICD, the need to remove the device after implantation is low.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.16493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T07:53:35Z","timestamp":1731311615000},"page":"168-176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Rates of and Indications for Subcutaneous ICD Extraction: A Multihospital Healthcare System Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3725-766X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arati","family":"Gangadharan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Peigh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University 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