{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T11:26:14Z","timestamp":1740137174764,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) by cryoballoon ablation (CBA) is considered an effective primary strategy for early persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). However, data regarding CBA for long\u2010standing persistent AF (PeAF) are limited. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of CBA for long\u2010standing PeAF compared to PeAF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study included 1484 patients with non\u2010paroxysmal AF from Korean CBA registry data with follow\u2010up of &gt;\u200912 months after de novo CBA. The primary outcome was recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias (ATs) of \u2265\u200930\u2010s after a 3\u2010month blanking period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 367 PeAF (25%) and 1117 long\u2010standing PeAF (75.3%) patients (mean age 61.9\u2009\u00b1\u20099.6 years, 80% men) underwent de novo CBA. Compared to patients with PeAF, patients with long\u2010standing PeAF had more heart failure, previous stroke or transient ischemic attack, chronic kidney disease, higher CHA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>DS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010VASc score, and larger left atrium (LA). During a mean follow\u2010up period of 15.1\u2009\u00b1\u200910.9 months, ATs recurrence occurred in 41.4% of PeAF and 40.1% of long\u2010standing PeAF. Multivariate analysis showed that female gender (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.31, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01), larger LA\u2009\u2265\u200945\u2009mm (HR: 1.53, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and LA volume index \u2265\u200951\u2009mL\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (HR: 1.77, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and longer AF duration \u2265\u20095 years (HR: 1. 33, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.003) were associated with ATs recurrence. After propensity score matching, larger LA was an independent factor for ATs recurrence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>During a long\u2010term follow\u2010up period after index CBA in patients with non\u2010paroxysmal AF, ATs recurrence rate was similar between PeAF and long\u2010standing PeAF. CBA might be an effective strategy as an initial rhythm control therapy regardless of AF type.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.16508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T05:40:39Z","timestamp":1732599639000},"page":"246-255","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical Outcome of Cryoballoon Ablation for Long\u2010Standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: From the Korean Cryballoon Ablation Registry"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1018-7871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suhyeon","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, Department of R&amp;D Management, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myung\u2010Jin","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6351-5015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"So\u2010Ryoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ju Youn","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Vascular and Stroke Institute Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8716-1146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang Hee","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8251-1522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaemin","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Korea University College of Medicine and Korea University Anam Hospital Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junbeom","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6599-6895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ki\u2010Hun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital Inje University College of Medicine Busan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6552-1742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pil\u2010Sung","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, CHA Bundang Medical Center CHA University Seongnam South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010Hyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Il\u2010Young","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine Seongnam South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8102-8352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong Euy","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Chung\u2010Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung\u2010Ang University College of Medicine Gwangmyeong\u2010si South 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