{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:53:44Z","timestamp":1767833624022,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007497","name":"Biosense Webster","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007497","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection and the onset of non\u2010PV triggers are frequently the cause of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). The effectiveness of using isoproterenol for unmasking dormant conduction and non\u2010PV\u2010triggers during AF RFCA and its effect on improving procedural and clinical outcomes is still controversial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness of isoproterenol for unmasking dormant conduction and non\u2010PV triggers during RFCA for paroxysmal AF (PAF) and its effects on procedural and long\u2010term clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this prospective multicenter cohort from the REAL\u2010AF registry, patients who underwent RFCA for PAF with and without isoproterenol administration from January 2018 to May 2023 were included. The primary efficacy outcome was freedom from all\u2010atrial arrhythmia at 12\u2010month follow\u2010up. Secondary outcomes included procedural and long\u2010term clinical outcomes, and procedure\u2010related complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1102 patients were included (isoproterenol\u2009=\u2009325 vs. control\u2009=\u2009777) (mean age 66.73\u2009\u00b1\u200910.19 years; 53.05% male). There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the groups. Dormant conduction\/non\u2010PV triggers with isoproterenol were observed in 10.2% of the patients. Isoproterenol administration was associated with increased procedural times (109 (83\u2013137.5) vs. 96 (74\u2013122), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002), and decreased rates of first\u2010pass PV isolation (74.84% vs. 80.14%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007). There were no differences in freedom from all\u2010atrial arrhythmias (HR 0.87, 95% CI [0.61\u20131.24], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.4) or long\u2010term clinical outcomes at 12 months of follow\u2010up between the groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients undergoing RFCA for PAF, the use of isoproterenol was associated with increased procedural times and more extensive ablation, without improved clinical outcomes at 12\u2010month follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.70007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T10:03:21Z","timestamp":1752487401000},"page":"2304-2317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Isoproterenol for Unmasking Dormant Conduction and Non\u2010Pulmonary Vein Triggers During Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: Prospective Multicenter Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Saumil R.","family":"Oza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ascension St. Vincent's Cardiology Jacksonville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0370-5618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Hincapie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Arrhythmia Service Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manasvi","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allegheny General Hospital Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allyson L.","family":"Varley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Rhythm Clinical Research Solutions Birmingham Alabama 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