{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T10:14:13Z","timestamp":1780395253524,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data on atrial fibrillation (AF)\/flutter (AFL) recurrence over long\u2010term follow\u2010up after catheter ablation of AF are limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assess the rate, predictors, and temporal trends of long\u2010term post\u2010ablation AF\/AFL recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed consecutive first\u2010time AF catheter ablations between 2008 and 2022 at our center who were captured in our AF ablation registry and outcomes data were supplemented with chart review. Multivariable predictors of any clinically documented AF\/AFL after 3\u2010month blanking period were identified with a stepwise\u2010selection multivariable proportional\u2010hazards model in randomly selected 70% data set and validated in remaining 30%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 2905 patients who underwent AF ablation (age 62.9\u2009\u00b1\u200910.5 years; female 30.5%; persistent 43.6%, long\u2010standing persistent 6.9%; primarily radiofrequency, cryoballoon 18.0%), within 2 years 38.0% had recurrence, and over average 6.1\u2009\u00b1\u20094.4\u2010years follow\u2010up 53.2% recurred. Multivariable predictors of recurrence (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.02) included recurrence during blanking period (HR 2.42, 95% CI 2.13\u20132.74), female sex (1.39, 1.22\u20131.59), each centimeter increase in LA size (1.34, 1.21\u20131.49), maximum regional LA fibrosis moderate (1.46, 1.25\u20131.71) or severe (1.42, 1.14\u20131.78), every year of AF duration (1.02, 1.00\u20131.03), and persistent (1.19, 1.03\u20131.37) or long\u2010standing persistent AF (1.40, 1.10\u20131.78). Increasing quartiles of risk in the validation set had higher recurrences (compared to Q1; Q2 1.62, 1.19\u20102.19; Q3 2.58, 1.92\u20133.46; Q4 4.60, 3.46\u20136.11; all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over an average 6.1\u2010year follow\u2010up, over half of AF ablation patients had a recurrence of AF\/AFL. Independent predictors of recurrence were early recurrence during 3\u2010month blanking period, female sex, increased LA size, moderate\/severe maximum regional LA fibrosis, longer AF duration, and non\u2010paroxysmal AF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONDENSED ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This observational single\u2010center evaluation included 2905 consecutive AF first\u2010time catheter ablation patients between 2008 and 2022 (age 62.9\u2009\u00b1\u200910.5 years; female 30.5%; persistent 43.6%, long\u2010standing persistent 6.9%; mostly radiofrequency, cryoballoon 18.0%; follow\u2010up 6.1\u2009\u00b1\u20094.4 years). A multivariable model developed in 70% data set predicted late (&gt;\u20093 months) AF\/flutter recurrences in remaining 30%. Predictors included recurrence during blanking period (HR 2.42, 95% CI 2.13\u20132.74), female sex (1.39, 1.22\u20131.59), each cm increase in LA size (1.34, 1.21\u20131.49), maximum regional LA fibrosis moderate (1.46, 1.25\u20131.71) or severe (1.42, 1.14\u20131.78), every year of AF duration (1.02, 1.00\u20131.03), and persistent (1.19, 1.03\u20131.37) or long\u2010standing persistent AF (1.40, 1.10\u20131.78).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.70231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T04:19:01Z","timestamp":1769055541000},"page":"593-605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation\/Flutter Over Long\u2010Term Follow\u2010Up After Index Atrial Fibrillation Catheter 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