{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T04:11:50Z","timestamp":1789186310358,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,20]],"date-time":"2014-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1413763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005205","name":"Janssen Research & Development, LLC","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005205","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Janssen Global Services"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Clinical Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co\u2010transporter 2 inhibitor, on blood pressure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content>) and osmotic diuresis\u2013 and intravascular volume reduction\u2013related adverse events (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AE<\/jats:styled-content>s) were evaluated using pooled data from four placebo\u2010controlled, phase 3 studies in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>; N=2313). At baseline, 1332 (57.6%) patients were taking an antihypertensive medication. Canagliflozin 100\u00a0mg and 300\u00a0mg provided reductions (95% confidence interval [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>]) from baseline in systolic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content>) compared with placebo (\u22124.3\u00a0mm Hg [\u22125.0 to \u22123.5], \u22125.0\u00a0mm Hg [\u22125.8 to \u22124.2], and \u22120.3\u00a0mm Hg [\u22121.2 to 0.5], respectively) and in diastolic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DBP<\/jats:styled-content>; \u22122.5\u00a0mm Hg [\u22122.9 to \u22122.0], \u22122.4\u00a0mm Hg [\u22122.9 to \u22121.9], and \u22120.6\u00a0mm Hg [\u22121.1 to \u22120.02], respectively). Placebo\u2010subtracted reductions (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content> with canagliflozin 100\u00a0mg and 300\u00a0mg were \u22124.0\u00a0mm Hg (\u22125.1 to \u22122.8) and \u22124.7\u00a0mm Hg (\u22125.8 to \u22123.5) and reductions in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DBP<\/jats:styled-content> were \u22121.9\u00a0mm Hg (\u22122.6 to \u22121.2) and \u22121.9\u00a0mm Hg (\u22122.6 to \u20131.1), respectively. Compared with the overall population, patients with elevated baseline <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content> (\u2265140\u00a0mm Hg) had numerically greater absolute <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content> reductions (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) with canagliflozin 100\u00a0mg and 300\u00a0mg and placebo (\u221212.8\u00a0mm Hg [\u221215.2 to \u221210.5], \u221214.2\u00a0mm Hg [\u221216.4 to \u221212.0], and \u22126.8\u00a0mm Hg [\u22129.1 to \u22124.5], respectively). Numerically greater <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DBP<\/jats:styled-content> reductions were seen in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DBP<\/jats:styled-content> \u226590\u00a0mm Hg at baseline (\u22125.9\u00a0mm Hg [\u22128.2 to \u22123.6], \u22129.0\u00a0mm Hg [\u221211.1 to \u22126.9], and \u22127.4\u00a0mm Hg [\u22129.6 to \u22125.1], respectively). In patients with elevated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content> at baseline, placebo\u2010subtracted reductions (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content> with canagliflozin 100\u00a0mg and 300\u00a0mg were \u22126.0\u00a0mm Hg (\u22129.1 to \u22122.9) and \u22127.4\u00a0mm Hg (\u221210.4 to \u22124.4), respectively. Placebo\u2010subtracted changes in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DBP<\/jats:styled-content> were 1.5\u00a0mm Hg (\u22121.6 to 4.5) and \u22121.6\u00a0mm Hg (\u22124.5 to 1.2), respectively, in those with elevated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DBP<\/jats:styled-content> at baseline. Canagliflozin 100\u00a0mg and 300\u00a0mg were associated with increased incidence of osmotic diuresis\u2013related <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AE<\/jats:styled-content>s (eg, pollakiuria [increased urine volume] and polyuria [increased urine frequency]) vs placebo (6.7%, 5.6%, and 0.8%). The incidence of intravascular volume reduction\u2013related <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AE<\/jats:styled-content>s (eg, orthostatic hypotension and postural dizziness) was low across groups (1.2%, 1.3%, and 1.1%). In summary, canagliflozin was associated with reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BP<\/jats:styled-content> in patients with T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content> across a range of baseline <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPs<\/jats:styled-content>, with increased incidence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AE<\/jats:styled-content>s related to osmotic diuresis but not intravascular volume reduction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.12425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,20]],"date-time":"2014-10-20T09:47:00Z","timestamp":1413798420000},"page":"875-882","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["Effect of Canagliflozin on Blood Pressure and Adverse Events Related to Osmotic Diuresis and Reduced Intravascular Volume in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Weir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Januszewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hypertension Institute of Cardiology Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard E.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto St. Michael's Hospital Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ujjwala","family":"Vijapurkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development LLC Raritan NJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Kline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development LLC Raritan NJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Fung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development LLC Raritan NJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Meininger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janssen Research &amp; Development LLC Raritan NJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2011 National Diabetes Fact Sheet.http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/pubs\/factsheet11.htm. 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