{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T06:19:58Z","timestamp":1790144398747,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,28]],"date-time":"2018-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Clinical Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Beta\u2010blockers are one of the most commonly prescribed classes of antihypertensive medications during pregnancy. Previous studies reported an association between beta\u2010blocker exposure and intrauterine growth restriction. Whether some beta\u2010blocker subtypes may be associated with higher risk is not known. This is a retrospective cohort study of pregnant women exposed to beta\u2010blockers in the Kaiser Permanente Southern California Region between 2003 and 2014. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate association between exposure to different beta\u2010blocker agents and risk of low fetal birth weights. In a cohort of 379\u00a0238 singleton pregnancies, 4847 (1.3%) were exposed to beta\u2010blockers. The four most commonly prescribed beta\u2010blockers were labetalol (n\u00a0=\u00a03357), atenolol (n\u00a0=\u00a0638), propranolol (n\u00a0=\u00a0489), and metoprolol (n\u00a0=\u00a0324). Mean birth weight and % low birth weight (&lt;2500\u00a0g) were 2926\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0841\u00a0g and 24.4% for labetalol, 3058\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0748\u00a0g and 18.0% for atenolol, 3163\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0702\u00a0g and 13.3% for metoprolol, 3286\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0651\u00a0g and 7.6% for propranolol, and 3353\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0554\u00a0g and 5.2% for non\u2010exposed controls. Exposure to atenolol and labetalol were associated with increased risks of infant born small for gestational age (SGA) (atenolol: adjusted OR 2.4, 95% CI: 1.7\u20103.3; labetalol: adjusted OR 2.9, 95% CI: 2.6\u20103.2). Risk of SGA associated with metoprolol or propranolol exposure was not significantly different from the non\u2010exposed group (metoprolol: adjusted OR 1.5, 95% CI: 0.9\u20102.3; propranolol: adjusted OR 1.3, 95% CI: 0.9\u20101.9). Association between beta\u2010blocker exposure and SGA does not appear to be a class effect. Variations in pharmacodynamics and confounding by indication may explain these findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.13397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,28]],"date-time":"2018-09-28T21:44:18Z","timestamp":1538171058000},"page":"1603-1609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Beta\u2010blocker subtypes and risk of low birth weight in newborns"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Lewei","family":"Duan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angie","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center Los Angeles 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