{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T03:30:51Z","timestamp":1769916651019,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Clinical Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are prescribed as conservative or adjunctive therapies for adult idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. However, studies on real\u2010world practice patterns are scarce. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and incidence of ACEI\/ARB prescription and their associated factors. This nationwide cohort study included adult Japanese patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome including minimal change disease (MCD), membranous nephropathy (MN), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and others. The outcomes were the prevalence of ACEI\/ARB prescription at baseline (date of renal biopsy or date of immunosuppressant initiation) and at 2\u00a0months after baseline. Of the 326 eligible patients, 122 (37.4%) had already been prescribed ACEIs\/ARBs. Of the remaining 204 patients, 67 (32.7%) were newly prescribed within the 2\u2010month period. MN\/FSGS (vs. MCD, adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 4.96 [95% confidence interval {CI} 2.53\u20139.72] and 3.95 [95% CI 1.61\u20139.66], respectively), higher age (per 1\u2010yr increase, AOR: 1.02 [95% CI 1.00\u20131.04]), other hypertensive agents (AOR: 2.18 [95% CI 1.21\u20133.92]), antidiabetic drug (AOR: 6.57 [95% CI 1.77\u201324.4]) were associated with a higher prevalence of ACEI\/ARB prescription. MN (vs. MCD, AOR: 6.00 [95% CI 2.57\u201314.0]) and higher baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) (per 10\u2010mmHg increase, AOR: 1.36 [95% CI 1.09\u20131.70]) were associated with a higher incidence of ACEI\/ARB prescription. On average, incidence of ACEI\/ARB prescription increased from 19.2% to 40.8% as baseline SBP increased from 100 to 140\u00a0mmHg. Thus, Japanese nephrologists are likely to prescribe ACEIs\/ARBs for nephrotic patients with MN or high baseline SBP, even below the hypertensive range.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.14224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T10:41:16Z","timestamp":1614595276000},"page":"999-1007","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Incidence and factors associated with prescribing renin\u2010angiotensin\u2010system inhibitors in adult idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: A nationwide cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7365-7685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Nishiwaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital Yokohama Japan"},{"name":"Showa University Research Administration Center (SURAC) Showa University Shinagawa, Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kakuya","family":"Niihata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Graduate School of Medicine Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sayaka","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health Outcomes &amp; Process Evaluation Research (iHope International) Kyoto Japan"},{"name":"Section of Clinical Epidemiology Department of Community Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yugo","family":"Shibagaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Internal Medicine St. Marianna University School of Medicine Kawasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryohei","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Counseling Center Osaka University Toyonaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kosaku","family":"Nitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Kidney Center Tokyo Women's Medical University Shinjuku, Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuo","family":"Tsukamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Dialysis Kitano Hospital Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shunya","family":"Uchida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Teikyo University School of Medicine Itabashi, Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asami","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Disease Center Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Saitama Medical University Moroyama Town, Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ichiei","family":"Narita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Isaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4127-7500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriaki","family":"Kurita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Graduate School of Medicine Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan"},{"name":"Department of Innovative Research and Education for Clinicians and Trainees (DiRECT) Fukushima Medical University Hospital Fukushima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)11445-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2003.01071.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2009080861"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-015-1216-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Glomerulonephritis","volume":"2","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Glomerulonephritis Work Group","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Inter"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"The Special Study Group of the Progressive Renal Dysfunction Research Group of the Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare.Evidence\u2010based clinical practice guidelines for nephrotic syndrome 2017. 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