{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T21:56:45Z","timestamp":1780696605091,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171678"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171678"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017610","name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JCYJ20230807143504009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20230807143504009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017610","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017610","name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JCYJ20200109140614667"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20200109140614667"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017610","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Clinical Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Preeclampsia (PE) is a severe hypertensive disorder that occurs during pregnancy. Exposure to particulate matter (PM), particularly fine particles such as PM2.5\/PM10, has been investigated as a potential environmental risk factor for its development. In this study, we employed both meta\u2010analysis and Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the relationship between PM exposure and PE risk. The meta\u2010analysis of 26 studies (&gt;2 million pregnancies) found modest associations between PM exposure and PE risk. In particular, PM2.5 exposure during the second trimester (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01\u20131.04) and PM10 exposure (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.00\u20131.12) showed significant associations. Subgroup and meta\u2010regression analyses revealed that regional differences, particularly between Europe and Asia, were major contributors to heterogeneity, while publication year showed minimal impact. In contrast, no significant associations were found for PM exposure during the first and third trimesters, with greater statistical uncertainty likely due to heterogeneity in study design and exposure assessment methods. The MR analysis, using genetic instruments from European genome\u2010wide association studies data, did not support a causal relationship between PM exposure and PE risk (PM2.5: OR = 1.128, 95% CI: \u22120.593\u2013 0.834; PM10: OR = 0.668, 95% CI: \u22121.482\u20130.675). These findings suggest that while PM exposure, particularly during mid\u2010pregnancy, may be associated with increased PE risk in observational studies, the lack of a confirmed causal link in MR analysis indicates potential influence from residual confounding, exposure misclassification, and study heterogeneity. Therefore, the observed associations should be interpreted with caution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.70096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T14:20:18Z","timestamp":1752589218000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Gestational Exposure to Particulate Matter and Preeclampsia Risk: Evidence from a Meta\u2010Analysis and Mendelian Randomization Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1444-1670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruilin","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjian","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wencong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zejun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"},{"name":"Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute  Shenzhen China"},{"name":"Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Center Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00070-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.8401"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.107835"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-022-01819-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-023-01095-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyae056"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.313276"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051744"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.12731"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2011.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.172234"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-46816-3"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","first-page":"261","article-title":"Causal Association Between PM (2.5) Exposure and Preterm Birth Based on Mendelian Randomization Analysis","volume":"38","author":"Wang H. 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