{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:11:33Z","timestamp":1791216693931,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,28]],"date-time":"2015-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Graz, Austria"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Extracellular high\u2010mobility group box\u20101 (\n HMGB<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1) acts as a signalling molecule during inflammation, cell differentiation and angiogenesis. Increased abundance of\n HMGB<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1 is associated with several pathological disorders such as cancer, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (\n COPD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). In this study, we investigated the relevance of\n HMGB<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1 in the pathological remodelling present in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (\n IPAH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and pulmonary hypertension (\n PH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) associated with\n COPD<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Remodelled vessels present in\n COPD<\/jats:styled-content>\n with\n PH<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n IPAH<\/jats:styled-content>\n lung samples were often surrounded by\n HMGB<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1\u2010positive cells. Increased\n HMGB<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1 serum levels were detected in both patient populations compared to control samples. The effects of physiological\n HMGB<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1 concentrations were then examined on cellular responses\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n .\n HMGB<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1 enhanced proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (\n PASMC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and primary human arterial endothelial cells (\n PAEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n HMGB<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1 stimulated p38, extracellular signal\u2010regulated kinase (\n ERK<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and c\u2010Jun N\u2010terminal kinase (\n JNK<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) phosphorylation. Furthermore, activation of the downstream\n AP<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20101 complex proteins c\u2010Fos and c\u2010Jun was observed. Silencing of c\u2010Jun ablated the\n HMGB<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1\u2010induced proliferation in\n PASMC<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Thus, an inflammatory component such as\n HMGB<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1 can contribute to\n PASMC<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n PAEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n proliferation and therefore potentially to vascular remodelling and\n PH<\/jats:styled-content>\n pathogenesis.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,28]],"date-time":"2015-02-28T00:27:52Z","timestamp":1425083272000},"page":"1151-1161","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["High\u2010mobility group box\u20101 induces vascular remodelling processes\n via<\/i>\n c\u2010Jun activation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"Zabini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Slaven","family":"Crnkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research Graz Austria"},{"name":"Experimental Anaesthesiology Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Anaesthesiology Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Tscherner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research Graz Austria"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonology Department of Internal Medicine Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahil","family":"Ghanim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research Graz Austria"},{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery Department of 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