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In spite of the advancement and progress in medical research and technology, the underlying causative factors and mechanisms of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHD<\/jats:styled-content> still remain unclear. Bone morphogenetic protein receptor <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IA<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALK<\/jats:styled-content>3) mediates the development of ventricular septal defect (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSD<\/jats:styled-content>). We have recently found that paired box gene 8 (Pax8) may be the downstream molecule of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALK<\/jats:styled-content>3. Paired box gene 8 plays an essential role in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSD<\/jats:styled-content>, and apoptosis and proliferation imbalance leads to septal dysplasia. Recent studies have also disclosed that cellular senescence also participates in embryonic development. Whether programmed senescence exists in cardiac organogenesis has not ever been reported. We hypothesized that together with various biological processes, such as apoptosis, enhanced cellular senescence may occur actively in the development of Pax8 null mice murine hearts. In H9C2 myogenic cells, Pax8 overexpression can rescue caspase\u2010dependent apoptosis induced by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALK<\/jats:styled-content>3 silencing. Senescent cells and senescence\u2010associated mediators in Pax8 knockout hearts increased compared with the wild\u2010type ones in an age\u2010dependent manner. These results suggest that Pax8 maybe the downstream molecule of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALK<\/jats:styled-content>3, it mediates the murine heart development perhaps <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> cellular senescence, which may serve as a mechanism that compensates for the cell loss <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> apoptosis in heart development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,19]],"date-time":"2016-01-19T07:25:12Z","timestamp":1453188312000},"page":"644-654","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Pax8 plays a pivotal role in regulation of cardiomyocyte growth and senescence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yihao","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 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