{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T06:39:15Z","timestamp":1789713555920,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]],"date-time":"2016-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002630","name":"Ewha Womans University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002630","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Saturated free fatty acids (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFA<\/jats:styled-content>s) act as lipid mediators and induce insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Specifically, in obesity\u2010related diseases such as type 2 diabetes, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFA<\/jats:styled-content>s directly reduce insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. However, the knowledge of how <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFA<\/jats:styled-content>s mediate inflammation and subsequent tissue disorders, including fibrosis in skeletal muscle, is limited. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFA<\/jats:styled-content>s are a natural ligand for toll\u2010like receptor 2 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>2) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>4, and induce chronic low\u2010grade inflammation that directly stimulates skeletal muscle tissue. However, persistent inflammatory stimulation in tissues could induce pro\u2010fibrogenic processes that ultimately lead to perturbation of the tissue architecture and dysfunction. Therefore, blocking the link between inflammatory primed skeletal muscle tissue and connective tissue might be an efficient therapeutic option for treating obesity\u2010induced muscle inactivity. In this study, we investigated the impact of conditioned medium obtained from human palatine tonsil\u2010derived mesenchymal stem cells (T\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content>s) on the interaction between skeletal muscle cells stimulated with palmitic acid (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content>) and fibroblasts. We found that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated skeletal muscle cells actively secreted interleukin\u20101\u03b2 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2) and augmented the migration, proliferation and expression of fibronectin in L929 fibroblasts. Furthermore, T\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content> inhibited the skeletal muscle cell\u2010derived pro\u2010fibrogenic effect <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> the production of the interleukin\u20101 receptor antagonist (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101Ra), which is an inhibitor of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 signalling. Taken together, our data provide novel insights into the therapeutic potential of T\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010mediated therapy for the treatment of pathophysiological processes that occur in skeletal muscle tissues under chronic inflammatory conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12947","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]],"date-time":"2016-09-13T07:32:44Z","timestamp":1473751964000},"page":"130-141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Conditioned media from human palatine tonsil mesenchymal stem cells regulates the interaction between myotubes and fibroblasts by <scp>IL<\/scp>\u20101Ra activity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3758-4209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung\u2010Ah","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology School of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul 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