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Particularly, the beneficial effects of stem cells, including bone marrow stem cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMSC<\/jats:styled-content>s), endothelial progenitor cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EPC<\/jats:styled-content>s), mesenchymal stem cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSC<\/jats:styled-content>s), embryonic stem cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ESC<\/jats:styled-content>s), and induced pluripotent stem cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iPSC<\/jats:styled-content>s), have been demonstrated by substantial preclinical and clinical studies. Nevertheless stem cell therapy is not always safe and effective. Hence, there is an urgent need for alternative sources of cells to promote cardiac regeneration. Human villous trophoblasts (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVT<\/jats:styled-content>s) play key roles in embryonic implantation and placentation. In this study, we show that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVT<\/jats:styled-content>s can promote tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HUVEC<\/jats:styled-content>s) on Matrigel and enhance the resistance of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NRCM<\/jats:styled-content>s) to oxidative stress <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Delivery of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVT<\/jats:styled-content>s to ischaemic area of heart preserved cardiac function and reduced fibrosis in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AMI<\/jats:styled-content>). Histological analysis revealed that transplantation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVT<\/jats:styled-content>s promoted angiogenesis in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AMI<\/jats:styled-content> mouse hearts. In addition, our data indicate that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVT<\/jats:styled-content>s exert their therapeutic benefit through paracrine mechanisms. Meanwhile, injection of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVT<\/jats:styled-content>s to mouse hearts did not elicit severe immune response. Taken together, our study demonstrates <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVT<\/jats:styled-content> may be used as a source for cell therapy or a tool to study cell\u2010derived soluble factors for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AMI<\/jats:styled-content> treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,19]],"date-time":"2017-05-19T11:23:47Z","timestamp":1495193027000},"page":"2432-2440","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Transplantation of human villous trophoblasts preserves cardiac function in mice with acute myocardial infarction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Zegen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Soochow University Suzhou 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