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The molecular basis underlying I\/RI\u2010induced renal pathogenesis and measures to prevent or reverse this pathologic process remains to be resolved. Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) is reported to have protective roles of myocardial infarction as well as in several other I\/R related disorders. Herein we present evidence that FGF2 exhibits robust protective effect against renal histological and functional damages in a rat I\/RI model. FGF2 treatment greatly alleviated I\/R\u2010induced acute renal dysfunction and largely blunted I\/R\u2010induced elevation in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, and also the number of TUNEL\u2010positive tubular cells in the kidney. Mechanistically, FGF2 substantially ameliorated renal I\/RI by mitigating several mitochondria damaging parameters including pro\u2010apoptotic alteration of Bcl2\/Bax expression, caspase\u20103 activation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and K<jats:sub>ATP<\/jats:sub> channel integrity. Of note, the protective effect of FGF2 was significantly compromised by the K<jats:sub>ATP<\/jats:sub> channel blocker 5\u2010HD. Interestingly, I\/RI alone resulted in mild activation of FGFR, whereas FGF2 treatment led to more robust receptor activation. More significantly, post\u2010I\/RI administration of FGF2 also exhibited robust protection against I\/RI by reducing cell apoptosis, inhibiting the release of damage\u2010associated molecular pattern molecule HMBG1 and activation of its downstream inflammatory cytokines such as IL\u20101\u03b1, IL\u20106 and TNF \u03b1. Taken together, our data suggest that FGF2 offers effective protection against I\/RI and improves animal survival by attenuating mitochondrial damage and HMGB1\u2010mediated inflammatory response. Therefore, FGF2 has the potential to be used for the prevention and treatment of I\/RI\u2010induced AKI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,25]],"date-time":"2017-05-25T17:03:24Z","timestamp":1495731804000},"page":"2909-2925","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Fibroblast growth factor 2 protects against renal ischaemia\/reperfusion injury by attenuating mitochondrial damage and proinflammatory signalling"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xiao\u2010Hua","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010Meng","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering School of 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