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We investigated here the effects of glycogen synthase kinse\u20103 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSK<\/jats:styled-content>\u20103) activation on the cholinergic homoeostasis in nucleus basalis of Meynert (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NBM<\/jats:styled-content>) and frontal cortex, the cholinergic enriched regions. We activated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSK<\/jats:styled-content>\u20103 by lateral ventricular infusion of wortmannin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WT<\/jats:styled-content>) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010109203X (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFX<\/jats:styled-content>), the inhibitors of phosphoinositol\u20103 kinase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PI<\/jats:styled-content>3\u2010K) and protein kinase C (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PKC<\/jats:styled-content>), respectively, and significantly decreased the acetylcholine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>h) level via inhibiting choline acetyl transferase (Ch<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AT<\/jats:styled-content>) rather than regulating acetylcholinesterase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>hE). Neuronal axonal transport was disrupted and Ch<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AT<\/jats:styled-content> accumulation occurred in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NBM<\/jats:styled-content> and frontal cortex accompanied with hyperphosphorylation of tau and neurofilaments. Moreover, Ch<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AT<\/jats:styled-content> expression decreased in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NBM<\/jats:styled-content> attributing to cleavage of nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB\/p100 into p52 for translocation into nucleus to lower Ch<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AT mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> level. The cholinergic dysfunction could be mimicked by overexpression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSK<\/jats:styled-content>\u20103 and rescued by simultaneous administration of LiCl or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SB<\/jats:styled-content>216763, inhibitors of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSK<\/jats:styled-content>\u20103. Our data reveal the molecular mechanism that may underlie the cholinergic impairments in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]],"date-time":"2017-06-28T07:22:50Z","timestamp":1498634570000},"page":"3515-3528","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Activation of <scp>GSK<\/scp>\u20103 disrupts cholinergic homoeostasis in nucleus basalis of Meynert and frontal cortex of rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Capital 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