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Accumulating evidence supports the crucial regulatory role of proprotein convertase subtilisin\/kexin type 9 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCSK<\/jats:styled-content>9) in lipoprotein metabolism. Notably, a complex interaction between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCSK<\/jats:styled-content>9 has been documented. Indeed, either increased or reduced circulating <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCSK<\/jats:styled-content>9 levels have been observed in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> patients; this discrepancy might be related to several confounders, including <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> genotype, human immunodeficiency virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>) coinfection and the ambiguous <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010mediated influence on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCSK<\/jats:styled-content>9 transcription factors. On the other hand, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCSK<\/jats:styled-content>9 may itself influence <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> infectivity, inasmuch as the expression of different hepatocyte surface entry proteins and receptors is regulated by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCSK<\/jats:styled-content>9. The aim of this review is to summarize the current evidence about the complex interaction between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> and liver lipoprotein metabolism, with a specific focus on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCSK<\/jats:styled-content>9. The underlying assumption of this review is that the interconnections between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCSK<\/jats:styled-content>9 may be central to explain viral infectivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,19]],"date-time":"2017-07-19T11:48:56Z","timestamp":1500464936000},"page":"3150-3161","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Hepatitis C virus and proprotein convertase subtilisin\/kexin type 9: a detrimental interaction to increase viral infectivity and disrupt lipid metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5527-4821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Pirro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Internal Medicine Department of Medicine University of Perugia Perugia 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