{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T04:23:47Z","timestamp":1773807827112,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,17]],"date-time":"2017-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1500249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81470675"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81470675"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) is one of the most common otorhinolaryngologic diseases worldwide. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the expression of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK\u20103) was quantitatively evaluated in patients with CRSsNP (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 20) and healthy controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 20). The mRNA levels of GSK\u20103\u03b1 and GSK\u20103\u03b2 were examined by qPCR, the immunoreactivities of GSK\u20103\u03b2 and nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB (NF\u2010\u03baB) were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and the protein levels of GSK\u20103\u03b2, phospho\u2010GSK\u20103\u03b2 (p\u2010GSK\u20103\u03b2, s9) and NF\u2010\u03baB were examined using Western blot analysis. We found that GSK\u20103 was highly expressed in both CRSsNP and control groups without significant difference in both GSK\u20103\u03b2 mRNA and protein levels. However, when compared with healthy control group, the GSK\u20103\u03b2 activation index, defined as the ratio of GSK\u20103\u03b2 over p\u2010GSK\u20103\u03b2, was significantly decreased, whereas the NF\u2010\u03baB protein abundance was significantly increased in CRSsNP group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Strikingly, the GSK\u20103\u03b2 activation index, was highly correlated with NF\u2010\u03baB protein level, as well as CT scores in CRSsNP group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). It was also highly correlated with the mRNA expressions of inflammation\u2010related genes, including T\u2010bet, IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u20104 in CRSsNP group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Our findings suggest that GSK\u20103\u03b2 activation index, reflecting the inhibitory levels of GSK\u20103\u03b2 through phosphorylation, may be a potential indicator for recurrent inflammation of CRSsNP, and that the insufficient inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK\u20103\u03b2 may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of CRSsNP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,17]],"date-time":"2017-07-17T10:33:06Z","timestamp":1500287586000},"page":"3633-3640","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["GSK\u20103\u03b2 activation index is a potential indicator for recurrent inflammation of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5317-1271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiyu","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery of the First Hospital Affiliated with Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery of the Fifth Hospital Affiliated with Sun Yat\u2010sen University Zhuhai Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fenghong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery of the First Hospital Affiliated with Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongkang","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore City Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery of the Fifth Hospital Affiliated with Sun Yat\u2010sen University Zhuhai Guangdong China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore City Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rongkai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery of the Fifth Hospital Affiliated with Sun Yat\u2010sen University Zhuhai Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5385-948X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhe","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huabin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery of the First Hospital Affiliated with Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunping","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery of the Fifth Hospital Affiliated with Sun Yat\u2010sen University Zhuhai Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery of the First Hospital Affiliated with Sun Yat\u2010sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12577"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2011.02646.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012","volume":"3","author":"Fokkens WJ","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rhinol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2011.02709.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2008.05.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092912"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068614"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2012.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.12.040194.001041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2007.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M710396200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200609-1292OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C400442200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M305676200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.23.13.4649-4662.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2014.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21868"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2009.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","first-page":"128","article-title":"[Relationship among the expression of GSK3beta, PI3K\/Akt, and IL\u20106 in chronic rhinosinusitis]","volume":"48","author":"Chen W","year":"2013","journal-title":"Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M602446200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2011.03898.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjcmm.13274","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jcmm.13274","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T15:31:16Z","timestamp":1696174276000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jcmm.13274"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,17]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jcmm.13274"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcmm.13274","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1582-1838","1582-4934"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1582-1838","type":"print"},{"value":"1582-4934","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,17]]}}}